{"id":1406,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:52","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-political-socialization-of-open-and-closed-societies-upsc-psir-2025-2711\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:31","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:31","slug":"discuss-the-political-socialization-of-open-and-closed-societies-upsc-psir-2025-2711","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-political-socialization-of-open-and-closed-societies-upsc-psir-2025-2711\/","title":{"rendered":"Discuss the political socialization of open and closed societies."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> define via <b class=\"pq-sc\">Easton &amp; Dennis<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> acquiring political orientations <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> character set by the system it serves<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> socialization as a universal function (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Almond &amp; Verba<\/b>: sustains the system) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but its content is regime-dependent<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>common function (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Parsons<\/b>: cohesion + stability; <b class=\"pq-sc\">Almond &amp; Verba<\/b>: incorporate, sustain) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> what differs = agents + content <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> open societies: plural agents, critical thinking, debate, dissent, participant civic culture <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> closed societies: state monopoly, single regime ideology, controlled media, schooling serves state narrative, indoctrination<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>binary under strain <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> social media reshaping socialization even in closed societies <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Arab Spring, Zapatista<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> open\u2013closed distinction holds, but the state monopoly is no longer secure in the digital age<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> same universal function turned to opposite ends <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> citizens in open societies, subjects in closed ones<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[36],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[68],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1406","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-36","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-comparative-politics","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1406\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4818,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1406\/revisions\/4818"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1406"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1406"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1406"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}