{"id":1423,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:54","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/of-late-centrist-and-centre-left-political-parties-have-been-upsc-psir-2025-2912\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:37","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:37","slug":"of-late-centrist-and-centre-left-political-parties-have-been-upsc-psir-2025-2912","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/of-late-centrist-and-centre-left-political-parties-have-been-upsc-psir-2025-2912\/","title":{"rendered":"Of late, centrist and centre-left political parties have been facing setbacks while centre-right parties have been in ascendency the world over. Comment."},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
Flow snapshot \u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n
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Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

Route 1<\/i> spectrum set by ownership \u2192<\/span> left\/state\u2013proletariat, right\/private\u2013capital, centre\/liberal + social democracy \u2192<\/span> name the trend<\/p>\n

Route 2<\/i> setbacks are real \u2192<\/span> but signal exhaustion of the post-war centrist consensus, not a settled right victory<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

centre-left rested on welfare-socialist consensus (SPD \/ Scandinavia, Keynes + welfare) \u2192<\/span> 1980s New Right (Thatcher \/ Reagan) broke it \u2192<\/span> state rolled back, economic ground lost \u2192<\/span> deeper cause = lost distinctiveness \u2192<\/span> Kirchheimer<\/b>\u2019s catch-all + \u201cend of ideology\u201d \u2192<\/span> mainstream convergence, class anchor weakens \u2192<\/span> vacuum filled \u2192<\/span> New Right returns (W. Europe, Canada, Australia, NZ) \u2192<\/span> right-wing populism = ethno-nationalism + anti-elitism \u2192<\/span> drivers: economic insecurity + cultural backlash \u2192<\/span> Trump \/ Le Pen \/ Salvini<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

the right is not monolithic \u2192<\/span> Burke<\/b>\u2019s moderate right (gradual change, rule of law, some welfare) vs far right (absolutist, ethnically exclusionary) \u2192<\/span> costs: strain on democratic norms, polarisation, far-right violence<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

Route 1<\/i> the shift is a representation gap left by a converged centre, not a durable realignment<\/p>\n

Route 2<\/i> plural parties remain vital for minority voice and healthy competition<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[36],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[72],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1423","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-36","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-politics-of-representation-and-participation","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1423\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4835,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1423\/revisions\/4835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1423"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1423"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1423"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}