{"id":1436,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/what-are-the-core-assumptions-of-idealism-as-an-approach-to-study-upsc-psir-2020-3103\/"},"modified":"2026-08-09T21:56:27","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:26:27","slug":"what-are-the-core-assumptions-of-idealism-as-an-approach-to-study-upsc-psir-2020-3103","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/what-are-the-core-assumptions-of-idealism-as-an-approach-to-study-upsc-psir-2020-3103\/","title":{"rendered":"What are the core assumptions of idealism as an approach to study international relations? Explain its continuing relevance in peace building."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>&mdash; how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">R1 interwar liberal thought = idealism \u2192 Enlightenment faith: humans rational, world Intro routes reformable \u2192 war removable, peace reachable R2 idealist optimism vs realist pessimism \u2192 good nature + shared interests \u2192 these very premises still drive peace- building<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">human nature good \u2192 war from bad institutions, not fixed drive \u2192 reform removes it Body flow &#8211; individuals primary, states pluralistic (group bargaining) \u2192 interests dynamic (self- + other-regarding) \u2192 mutual interests \u2192 cooperation without ahegemon \u2192 Hoffmann: self-restraint \/ moderation \/ compromise \/ peace \u2192 three pillars (institutions, interdependence, democracy) \u2192 Couloumbis &amp; Wolfe: \u201cart of good government&quot; -. pillars carried into practice \u2192 Kant (republican constitutionalism + federation) \u2192 Wilson (collective security) \u2192 Doyle (democratic peace) \u2192 contemporary survival: UN, Paris Agreement, SDGs<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">| realists brand idealism utopian \u2192 its harmony-of-interests optimism doubted Counter-view<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">R1 assumptions are no utopian relic \u2192 enduring rule-based cooperation Conclusion routes vindicates the institutional wager R2 idealism survives as the working logic of institution-based peace \u2014 sharpened by realism, not defeated by it<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[41],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[74],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1436","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-41","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-approaches-to-the-study-of-international-relations","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1436\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2653,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1436\/revisions\/2653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1436"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1436"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1436"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}