{"id":1438,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-commonalities-between-the-marxist-and-realist-upsc-psir-2022-3105\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:41","slug":"discuss-the-commonalities-between-the-marxist-and-realist-upsc-psir-2022-3105","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-commonalities-between-the-marxist-and-realist-upsc-psir-2022-3105\/","title":{"rendered":"Discuss the commonalities between the Marxist and Realist approach to the study of International Politics."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> ideological opposites <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> yet both read world politics as material + conflict, not ideals\/morality<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> open on the shared lens <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> materialist, structural, conflict-driven reading <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> morality set aside<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>materialism (realism: power &amp; survival \u2014 <b class=\"pq-sc\">Morgenthau<\/b>, <b class=\"pq-sc\">Waltz<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2194<\/span> Marxism: historical materialism, world-system as capital) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> conflict-prone arena (continuous power competition <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2194<\/span> opposed class interests) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> hegemony &amp; world order (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Carr<\/b>: \u201chave\u201d vs \u201chave not\u201d powers) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> scepticism of universal norms (moral talk masks dominant interests) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> structural convergence (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Waltz<\/b> concedes <b class=\"pq-sc\">Lenin<\/b> on imperialism; <b class=\"pq-sc\">Wallerstein<\/b>\u2019s core\u2013periphery \u2016 realism\u2019s systemic constraints)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>central actor splits them <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> states in anarchy (realism) vs classes &amp; market forces in an exploitative capitalist world-economy (Marxism)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> different actors, shared method <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> convergence runs deeper than the rivalry<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> materialism + structure + conflict unite them <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> they part only on who acts and what the system is<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[47],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[74],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1438","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-47","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-approaches-to-the-study-of-international-relations","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1438\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4850,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1438\/revisions\/4850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1438"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1438"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1438"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}