{"id":1455,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-endorse-the-view-that-the-end-of-bipolarity-and-the-rise-upsc-psir-2017-3303\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:47","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:47","slug":"do-you-endorse-the-view-that-the-end-of-bipolarity-and-the-rise-upsc-psir-2017-3303","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-endorse-the-view-that-the-end-of-bipolarity-and-the-rise-upsc-psir-2017-3303\/","title":{"rendered":"Do you endorse the view that the end of Bipolarity and the rise of multiple regional organisations has made"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> non-alignment \u2260 neutrality (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Schwarzenberger<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> negative base: stay out of military alliances <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> positive base: independence of judgment (Belgrade, 1961) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the question\u2019s two changes hit only the first base <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> endorse in part<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> NAM born to escape two camps <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> camps gone, groupings multiplied <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> real question: was bloc-avoidance ever the whole of non-alignment? <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> endorse in part<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>the two bases <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> end of bipolarity empties the negative base <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the positive base is untouched <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Sreenivasan<\/b>: freedom of judgment and action, valid whether one bloc or two <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Paul<\/b>: limited soft balancing, naming and shaming <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> partial credit for decolonisation, containing proliferation, easing bipolar tension <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> regional bodies work within regions; NAM\u2019s field is the Global South, its work normative<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">K\u00f6chler<\/b>: NAM fitted the bipolar era alone; objectives redundant; members lean on the US; no charter, statute or secretariat <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> G-7 \/ ASEAN \/ SCO \/ BRICS carry the economic agenda NAM never built <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Raja Mohan<\/b>: a movement in a \u201cstate of coma\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> structural charge sticks, irrelevance charge fails <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Jaishankar<\/b>: independence of action continues as strategic autonomy <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> less central, not irrelevant<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> relevance has shifted, not ended <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> from bloc-avoidance to Global South voice and soft-balancing platform <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> \u201cshifting and variable coalitions rather than settled alliances\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[45],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[76],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1455","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-45","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-changing-international-political-order","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4867,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1455\/revisions\/4867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1455"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1455"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1455"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}