{"id":1458,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-ways-to-strengthen-the-non-aligned-movement-nam-to-upsc-psir-2020-3306\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:48","slug":"discuss-the-ways-to-strengthen-the-non-aligned-movement-nam-to-upsc-psir-2020-3306","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-ways-to-strengthen-the-non-aligned-movement-nam-to-upsc-psir-2020-3306\/","title":{"rendered":"Discuss the ways to strengthen the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to enable it to address the challenges faced by the developing countries."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> Cold War rationale gone <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> developing-world vulnerabilities remain (unequal trade, coercion, UN system they cannot shape) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> machinery weak, founding idea intact <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> rebuild the surviving framework<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> strengthening presupposes worth <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> critics (\u201ccoma\u201d, \u201cdying organisation\u201d) vs defenders (soft balancing) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> framework still functions <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> reshape and re-energise, not reinvent<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><i>Repair 1, structural<\/i>: <b class=\"pq-sc\">K\u00f6chler<\/b> \u2014 no charter \/ statute \/ secretariat <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 120-odd members, declarations never become decisions <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> consensus <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> diffuse agenda <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> fix: permanent secretariat + coordination mechanisms + specialised functionaries + frequent deliberation \/ Track-II <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>Repair 2, method<\/i>: <b class=\"pq-sc\">Jaishankar<\/b> \u2014 loose grouping <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> results-oriented organisation <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> agenda already exists (17th Summit, Margarita Island 2016: UNSC reform, climate justice, unilateral coercive measures, financial architecture) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> delivery is the gap <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Khanna<\/b> \u2014 economic turn, North\u2013South bridge, inequality binds members <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>Repair 3, political<\/i>: <b class=\"pq-sc\">Paul<\/b> \u2014 soft balancing, naming and shaming, Bandung spirit revivable <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> multilateral partnerships + forward-looking agenda + South\u2013South cooperation + India\u2019s natural leadership<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Pant<\/b> \u2014 dying organisation, drop old shibboleths <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> members now depend on the US <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> no reform buys hard power<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> order drifting towards rival blocs (Sino-American rivalry) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Global South platform = leverage weaker states lack alone <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> rebuilt body + strategic autonomy <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> serves developing countries<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> never a third pole of power <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but a repaired platform: structure, delivery, South\u2013South economics <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> autonomy preserved in a bloc-forming order<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[41],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[76],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1458","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-41","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-changing-international-political-order","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4870,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1458\/revisions\/4870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1458"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1458"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1458"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}