{"id":1464,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-usa-uses-nato-as-a-upsc-psir-2024-3312\/"},"modified":"2026-08-09T21:56:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:26:29","slug":"do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-usa-uses-nato-as-a-upsc-psir-2024-3312","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-usa-uses-nato-as-a-upsc-psir-2024-3312\/","title":{"rendered":"Do you agree with the view that the USA uses NATO as a traditional tool of strategy to perpetuate its hegemony in the world?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>&mdash; how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">rR! NATO 1949, US-led mutual defence pact vs USSR; Warsaw Pact 1955 \u2192 agree on the purpose, dispute the method \u2014 hegemony perpetuated, but not by coercion R2 the question&#039;s premise is realist (Mearsheimer: hegemon strengthens self, weakens rivals) \u2014 NATO&#039;s post-1991 record fits that purpose \u2014 but the method is consent, not coercion<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">realist premise stated (Mearsheimer) \u2192 NATO outlives the enemy it was built against \u2014 institutionalises US military leadership in Europe \u2014 carries American influence eastward into the former Soviet space \u2014 Hurrell: Cold War&#039;s end frees the USA from geopolitical constraints, less tolerant of alternative orders \u2014 Ukraine war read partly as a contest over that expansion \u2192 European strategic autonomy discouraged \u2192 pivot: how the alliance holds its members \u2014 US backing for European reconstruction and integration \u2014 allies &quot;bandwagon&quot; instead of balancing \u2014&gt; Gramsci: leadership by consent vs by force beats a purely material account \u2192 explains the alliance holding together after the Soviet threat went<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">a pure instrument of American will would obey \u2014 Europe resents being \u201cdragged into&quot; US confrontations \u2192 &quot;Sinatra Doctrine&quot; impulse \u2192 separate China policy \u2192 burden-sharing: &quot;fund its security&quot; \u2192 Rapp-Hooper&#039;s \u201calliance deficit&quot;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">R1 agreement must be qualified \u2192 hegemony perpetuated by consent \u2192 consent can be withheld R2 Zakaria: the future of that hegemony turns on America&#039;s capacity to adapt<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[30],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[76],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1464","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-30","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-changing-international-political-order","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1464\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2676,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1464\/revisions\/2676"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}