{"id":1464,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-usa-uses-nato-as-a-upsc-psir-2024-3312\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:50","slug":"do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-usa-uses-nato-as-a-upsc-psir-2024-3312","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-agree-with-the-view-that-the-usa-uses-nato-as-a-upsc-psir-2024-3312\/","title":{"rendered":"Do you agree with the view that the USA uses NATO as a traditional tool of strategy to perpetuate its hegemony in the world?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> NATO 1949, US-led mutual defence pact vs USSR; Warsaw Pact 1955 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> agree on the purpose, dispute the method <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> hegemony perpetuated, but not by coercion<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> the question\u2019s premise is realist (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Mearsheimer<\/b>: hegemon strengthens self, weakens rivals) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> NATO\u2019s post-1991 record fits that purpose <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but the method is consent, not coercion<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>realist premise stated (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Mearsheimer<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> NATO outlives the enemy it was built against <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> institutionalises US military leadership in Europe <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> carries American influence eastward into the former Soviet space <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Hurrell<\/b>: Cold War\u2019s end frees the USA from geopolitical constraints, less tolerant of alternative orders <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Ukraine war read partly as a contest over that expansion <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> European strategic autonomy discouraged <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> pivot: <i>how<\/i> the alliance holds its members <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> US backing for European reconstruction and integration <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> allies \u201cbandwagon\u201d instead of balancing <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Gramsci<\/b>: leadership by consent vs by force beats a purely material account <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> explains the alliance holding together after the Soviet threat went<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>a pure instrument of American will would obey <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Europe resents being \u201cdragged into\u201d US confrontations <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> \u201cSinatra Doctrine\u201d impulse <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> separate China policy <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> burden-sharing: \u201cfund its security\u201d <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>Rapp-Hooper\u2019s<\/b> \u201calliance deficit\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> agreement must be qualified <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> hegemony perpetuated by consent <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> consent can be withheld<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Zakaria<\/b>: the future of that hegemony turns on America\u2019s capacity to adapt<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[30],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[76],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1464","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-30","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-changing-international-political-order","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1464\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4876,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1464\/revisions\/4876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1464"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}