{"id":1473,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:59","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-endorse-that-the-united-nations-needs-major-changes-in-its-upsc-psir-2016-3501\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:52","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:52","slug":"do-you-endorse-that-the-united-nations-needs-major-changes-in-its-upsc-psir-2016-3501","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/do-you-endorse-that-the-united-nations-needs-major-changes-in-its-upsc-psir-2016-3501\/","title":{"rendered":"Do you endorse that the United Nations needs major changes in its structures and functioning? Suggest the changes for efficient improvements."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> <b>Hammarskj\u00f6ld<\/b>\u2019s minimum test (save humanity from hell) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Rwanda \/ Srebrenica \/ Darfur fall below even that <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> endorse major change<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Joel Ng<\/b>: legitimacy = representation + effectiveness <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> UN short on both <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> so <i>structures<\/i> and <i>functioning<\/i> both need change<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>Council\u2019s composition frozen at 1945 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> no permanent seat for Africa \/ Latin America <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> veto converts P5 rivalry into paralysis (Syria, Ukraine) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> same fault runs into functioning: no standing army, borrowed troops, slow deployment, funding shortfalls <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Barnett<\/b>: reactive, not preventive <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> hence remedies on both tracks <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>structure<\/b>: expand both categories (Africa, Latin America, India), <b class=\"pq-sc\">Annan<\/b>\u2019s 24-member plan, restrain the veto, greater decision-making weight for the General Assembly <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>functioning<\/b>: peacekeeping <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> peacebuilding, quicker deployment, <b class=\"pq-sc\">Sachs<\/b> on merging\/closing overlapping programmes, Secretariat transparency + independent oversight<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Weiss<\/b>: entrenched interests will not concede reform without a burden-sharing bargain <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> UN80 (2026): posts cut 21%, Council composition untouched <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> efficiency can be administered, representation must be conceded <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Guterres<\/b> himself: status quo \u201cuntenable\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Vajpayee<\/b>: UN only as effective as members allow <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> reform begins at the top, in the Council, or the body goes moribund<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> managerial reform without Council reform leaves the veto intact <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> representation remains the test of a credible UN<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[42],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[78],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1473","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-42","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-united-nations","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4885,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1473\/revisions\/4885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1473"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1473"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1473"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}