{"id":1481,"date":"2026-08-09T19:11:59","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:41:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/describe-the-composition-of-the-international-court-of-justice-upsc-psir-2022-3509\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:24:55","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:54:55","slug":"describe-the-composition-of-the-international-court-of-justice-upsc-psir-2022-3509","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/describe-the-composition-of-the-international-court-of-justice-upsc-psir-2022-3509\/","title":{"rendered":"Describe the composition of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Discuss its voluntary jurisdiction."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> principal judicial organ, 1945, The Hague <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> bench built to represent the world <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> jurisdiction reaches only as far as states allow<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> composition is universal, jurisdiction is consensual <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the Court\u2019s reach is fixed by states, not by its bench<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>fifteen judges \/ no two from same state \/ nine years \/ elected by General Assembly + Security Council voting separately \/ five seats every three years <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> bench must represent principal legal systems + main forms of civilization <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> hence the claim to speak for international society <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but no compulsory jurisdiction <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> consent routes: party to the Statute \/ acceptance under conditions \/ referral <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> two heads: contentious (states) + advisory (UN organs, specialised agencies) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> within consent the grip is firm: final, binding, no appeal <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Kulbhushan Jadhav order to Pakistan<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>the same consent is the weakness <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> states may refuse jurisdiction <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> enforcement runs through the UNSC, permanent member can veto <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> US and Israel non-compliance <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Prabhash Ranjan<\/b>: over Ukraine, Russia can veto enforcement against itself<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> consent loosens the grip exactly where the stakes are highest <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> still the archetype of international adjudication<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> representative bench + consensual jurisdiction <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the most far-reaching attempt yet to apply the rule of law between states<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[47],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[78],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1481","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-47","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-united-nations","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1481","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4893,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1481\/revisions\/4893"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1481"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1481"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1481"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1481"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}