{"id":1499,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:01","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/examine-the-role-of-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-upsc-psir-2020-3706\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:01","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:01","slug":"examine-the-role-of-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-upsc-psir-2020-3706","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/examine-the-role-of-the-united-nations-framework-convention-on-upsc-psir-2020-3706\/","title":{"rendered":"Examine the role of the United Nations Framework convention on climate change (UNFCCC) and other major efforts by the UN to address the global environmental crisis."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> environmental crisis = archetypal global issue, crosses borders <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> collective UN governance the natural site<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Eckersley<\/b>: state-centric realism <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> ecocentric cosmopolitanism <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> architecture strong in norms, weak in enforcement<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>Rio 1992 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> UNFCCC (equity + CBDR + historical responsibility) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Kyoto 1997 (binding targets, carbon credits) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 2013 bottom-up turn: INDCs <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Paris 2015 (major emitters pledge cuts) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>IPCC<\/b> (WMO + UNEP <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> science) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> SDGs 13, 14, 15<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>limits: collective good vs national interest <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> US &amp; Canada outside <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> no binding enforcement <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>IPCC<\/b> (pledges too weak, 1.5\u00b0C budget gone by 2030) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> equity itself contested (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Dauvergne<\/b>: North = improve environment vs South = fix an unfair order)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> role real but structural <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> builds norms, science, participation <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> cannot compel<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> progress depends on aligning the collective good with national interest<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[41],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[80],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1499","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-41","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-contemporary-global-concerns","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1499\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4911,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1499\/revisions\/4911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1499"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1499"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1499"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}