{"id":1504,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:02","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/the-world-currently-has-been-in-the-throes-of-a-twin-process-of-upsc-psir-2025-3711\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:04","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:04","slug":"the-world-currently-has-been-in-the-throes-of-a-twin-process-of-upsc-psir-2025-3711","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/the-world-currently-has-been-in-the-throes-of-a-twin-process-of-upsc-psir-2025-3711\/","title":{"rendered":"The world currently has been in the throes of a twin process of \u2018democratic backsliding\u2019 and \u2018democratic backlash. How would you explain this paradox?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> democracy more championed than ever, yet more eroding than in decades <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the paradox stated<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Held<\/b>: nations embrace democracy just as the nation-state\u2019s efficacy is questioned <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> read as globalisation\u2019s double edge<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>define backsliding (erosion of executive constraints) + backlash (nationalist reaction against openness), advancing together <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> two vectors of backsliding: charismatic populism (Erdo\u011fan, Orb\u00e1n, Trump, Ch\u00e1vez) + partisan degradation (party abandons rules, captures courts \/ checks \/ election machinery) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> backsliding globalised via transnational networks (parties, think tanks, media; autocratic backing) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> same networks seed parochial backlash against the openness that enabled them <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Global State of Democracy Report (43% declined over five years; 70% under non-democratic\/backsliding rule; Hungary, Philippines, Brazil, India, USA)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>erosion is not terminal <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> recovery routes remain: defend institutional intermediaries, preserve bulwark institutions, contest subnational offices even where national ones are captured<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> the paradox = globalisation\u2019s double edge: it spreads both democracy and the tools that erode it<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> openness is at once democracy\u2019s vehicle and its vulnerability <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the \u201ctwin process\u201d is one phenomenon, not two<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[36],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[80],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1504","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-36","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-contemporary-global-concerns","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4916,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1504\/revisions\/4916"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1504"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1504"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1504"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}