{"id":1510,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:02","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-efficacy-of-global-conventions-to-combat-upsc-psir-2022-3806\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:06","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:06","slug":"discuss-the-efficacy-of-global-conventions-to-combat-upsc-psir-2022-3806","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/discuss-the-efficacy-of-global-conventions-to-combat-upsc-psir-2022-3806\/","title":{"rendered":"Discuss the efficacy of global conventions to combat international terrorism."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> conventions have multiplied since 1963 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> terrorism has not receded <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> efficacy only partial<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> a widening web of counter-terror law built <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but the keystone, an agreed definition, is missing <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> efficacy capped<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>phased instruments (1963 aircraft treaty, first of its kind + five sectoral in the 1970s <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> aviation\/shipping) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> post-9\/11 widening (bombings, financing, nuclear) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> institutional support (FATF grey-listing, SCO\u2019s RATS, UNSC 1267\/1373\/1624 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> freezes, incitement) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> instruments do curb finance and safe havens <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> definitional deadlock (no comprehensive convention, CCIT stalled, one state\u2019s terrorist another\u2019s freedom fighter <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Heywood<\/b>, \u201cessentially contested concept\u201d) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> selective enforcement (China vs Hafiz Saeed listing under 1267 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> \u201cdouble standards,\u201d BRICS\/India protest) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> persistence (Afghanistan, Syria)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>conventions genuinely constrain terrorist finance, movement and safe havens <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> set against definitional deadlock + politicised, selective enforcement + terrorism still engulfing whole regions <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> net verdict is partial efficacy, not decisive result<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> conventions manage terrorism, do not defeat it <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> finalise CCIT + end \u201cgood\u201d\/\u201cbad\u201d distinction + tie enforcement to rule of law<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Annan<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> a global scourge demands a global response <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> grounded in law and human rights, not selective convenience<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[47],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[80],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1510","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-47","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-contemporary-global-concerns","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4922,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1510\/revisions\/4922"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1510"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1510"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1510"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}