{"id":1521,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:04","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/critically-analyze-the-different-phases-of-indias-foreign-policy-upsc-psir-2025-3910\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:11","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:11","slug":"critically-analyze-the-different-phases-of-indias-foreign-policy-upsc-psir-2025-3910","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/critically-analyze-the-different-phases-of-indias-foreign-policy-upsc-psir-2025-3910\/","title":{"rendered":"Critically analyze the different phases of India&#8217;s foreign policy since independence. How justified, do you think, is S. Jaishankar&#8217;s classification of the current phase as the phase of \u2018energetic diplomacy\u2019?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> evolution, not rupture <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> permanent factors (geography\/history\/culture) continuity vs dynamic factors change <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> strategic autonomy the constant yardstick<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> six named phases = adaptation to circumstance <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> present phase the one to test <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> judge it against the constant thread<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>optimistic non-alignment (1946\u201362, NAM) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> realism &amp; discovery (1962\u201370, 1962 war <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Indo-Soviet Treaty) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> regional assertion (1971\u201391, Bangladesh, Pokhran) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> strategic autonomy (1991\u201399, unipolar <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> US\/Israel\/ASEAN) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> balancing power (2000\u20132013, India\u2013US nuclear deal, Russia\/China) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> each answers its moment, core intact <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> energetic diplomacy (2014\u2013present): leading-power aim <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>India Way<\/i> (\u2018transactional bazaar\u2019\/\u2018frenemies\u2019, interests over idealism) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> engage America\/manage China\/reassure Russia <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> markers: Global South, Indo-Pacific, BRICS\u2013G20\u2013SCO, Viksit Bharat 2047<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>label captures activism + risk-taking vs strong continuity of core aims (autonomy\/security\/development) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> hard to categorise, India early in transition <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> government ahead of Track-II (media\/think-tanks\/academia)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> \u2018energetic diplomacy\u2019 justified as tempo &amp; ambition, not a settled doctrine<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> phases show adaptability &amp; pragmatism; strategic autonomy the value that survives every shift<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[36],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[81],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1521","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-36","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-indian-foreign-policy","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4933,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1521\/revisions\/4933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1521"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1521"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1521"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}