{"id":1531,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:05","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/write-a-brief-analysis-of-the-ethnic-conflicts-and-cross-border-upsc-psir-2021-4103\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:16","slug":"write-a-brief-analysis-of-the-ethnic-conflicts-and-cross-border-upsc-psir-2021-4103","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/write-a-brief-analysis-of-the-ethnic-conflicts-and-cross-border-upsc-psir-2021-4103\/","title":{"rendered":"Write a brief analysis of the ethnic conflicts and cross- border migrations along India-Myanmar and India- Bangladesh borders."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> neither border follows ethnic geography <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> both cut across it <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 3,700 km Bangladesh line + Myanmar frontier along four NE states <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> belonging before numbers<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> two porous frontiers splitting kin communities <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> movement read as an identity question first, a numbers question second<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>Bangladesh side = settlement <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> poverty \/ floods \/ 1971 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 30\u201340 million <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Tripura\u2019s demography <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> shared language hides the migrant <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> contest over land, jobs, cultural dominance <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> AASU <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Assam Accord 1985 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> NRC <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Myanmar side = insurgency + refuge <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> NSCN-K through the same porousness <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Feb 2021 coup <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> refugees into Mizoram <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Rohingyas as the joint between the two borders <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> statelessness 1974 \/ 1982 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> treated as Bangladeshi immigrants <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> UN \u201cethnic cleansing\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>hardening the line has a real case <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> fencing + scrapped FMR <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> trafficking, forged voter cards, ISI support <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> but the ethnic conflict predates the migration <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Ross Mallick<\/b>, colonial state with new rulers <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 220 ethnic groups in one administrative frame <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> separatism mobilised<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Ghoshal<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> dormancy or militancy turns on state capacity to accommodate <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> fencing buys time, accommodation buys settlement<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> flow follows growth asymmetry <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> control alone cannot hold the line <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> work permits + development + Gujral Doctrine on root causes<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[40],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[83],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1531","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-40","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-india-and-south-asia","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4943,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1531\/revisions\/4943"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1531"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1531"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1531"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}