{"id":1537,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:05","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/how-does-cross-border-terrorism-impede-the-achievements-of-peace-upsc-psir-2020-4203\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:18","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:18","slug":"how-does-cross-border-terrorism-impede-the-achievements-of-peace-upsc-psir-2020-4203","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/how-does-cross-border-terrorism-impede-the-achievements-of-peace-upsc-psir-2020-4203\/","title":{"rendered":"How does cross border terrorism impede the achievements of peace and security in South Asia?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> terrorism as state policy, not law-and-order problem <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 1971 turn to asymmetric balancing <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Bhutto\u2019s strategic depth + Zia\u2019s thousand cuts <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> peace blocked at source<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> Pahalgam <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> one attack puts a treaty that outlived three wars in abeyance <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> the instrument is policy, not crime <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> peace blocked at source<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Tellis<\/b>: plausible deniability + a war Pakistan cannot win + nuclear deterrent as licence <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> India\u2019s dual denial: no decisive victory, no regional pre-eminence <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> cost turns regional <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> no SAARC summit since 2014 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Bangladesh, Bhutan, Afghanistan abandon Islamabad with India after Uri <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> counter-terror work moves to BIMSTEC, Pakistan out <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance since Pahalgam <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Pant<\/b>: engagement now conditioned by Pakistan\u2019s behaviour<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>coercion has not changed the incentive <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Cohen<\/b>: a stalemate neither side can win nor absorb <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> each retaliation carries escalation risk<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> Pakistan\u2019s own war with the Afghan Taliban since February 2026 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> strategy turning on its author <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> South Asia insecure while terrorism remains policy<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> SAARC dead, BIMSTEC a workaround, Indus Treaty in abeyance <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> whole regional order now shaped by one strategy <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> peace waits on that strategy being given up<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[41],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[83],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1537","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-41","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-india-and-south-asia","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1537\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4949,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1537\/revisions\/4949"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1537"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1537"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1537"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}