{"id":1550,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:06","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/suggest-measures-so-that-indias-partnership-with-africa-becomes-a-upsc-psir-2017-4401\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:27","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:27","slug":"suggest-measures-so-that-indias-partnership-with-africa-becomes-a-upsc-psir-2017-4401","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/suggest-measures-so-that-indias-partnership-with-africa-becomes-a-upsc-psir-2017-4401\/","title":{"rendered":"Suggest measures so that India\u2019s partnership with Africa becomes a true symbol of South-South Cooperation,"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> SSC promises partnership of equals, not a donor relationship <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> difference is obligation, not warmth <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> can the weaker side press a claim?<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> India\u2019s Africa policy runs on what India may grant or withhold at will <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> so the demand is not more generosity but more obligation<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>convert discretion into obligation <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>regularity<\/i>: 2008 \/ 2011 \/ 2015 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> eleven-year lapse <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> fourth set for May 2026, postponed without a new date <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Bhatia<\/b>\u2019s count, nine Japanese since 1993, nine Chinese since 2000 <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> fixed cycle + standing review body ends dependence on Delhi\u2019s convenience <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>delivery<\/i>: <b class=\"pq-sc\">Sachdev<\/b>, India promises, China delivers <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> $10bn pledged 2015 against a whole portfolio near $12bn across 42 countries <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> publish disbursement against commitment, project by project <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Africa audits <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>trade content<\/i>: <b class=\"pq-sc\">Gandhi<\/b>, ideas and services not manufactures against raw materials <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> ~$100bn in 2024-25 still leaning on crude and minerals <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> AfCFTA rules of origin + processing sited in Africa <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> value added where the ore is mined <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <i>actors and politics<\/i>: <b class=\"pq-sc\">Bhattacharya<\/b>, episodic and state-centric, governments not firms and citizens <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> companies and universities in under binding rules on land, labour, environment <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> AU\u2019s G20 seat as the method, India spent capital, Africa gained a permanent place <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> permanent African UNSC seat returns that weight to India\u2019s reform agenda<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Taylor<\/b>, interest in Southern solidarity falls as a power rises <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> guarantee must be institutional, not sentimental<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> a true symbol of South-South cooperation the day Africa can hold India to it<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> obligation is what pays both sides \u2014 Africa gains a claim it can press, India gains a constituency that treats it as reliable<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[45],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[84],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1550","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-45","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-india-and-the-global-south","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4962,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1550\/revisions\/4962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1550"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1550"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1550"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}