{"id":1596,"date":"2026-08-09T19:12:12","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/evaluate-indias-vision-of-a-new-world-order-upsc-psir-2019-4902\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:25:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:55:41","slug":"evaluate-indias-vision-of-a-new-world-order-upsc-psir-2019-4902","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/evaluate-indias-vision-of-a-new-world-order-upsc-psir-2019-4902\/","title":{"rendered":"Evaluate India\u2019s vision of a new world order."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> \u201cnew world order\u201d from Bush 1991 (rule-based) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> unipolarity fading into an Asian Century <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> India\u2019s answer: multipolar, shared power\/responsibility, not a hegemon-swap<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> reformist vision rooted in pluralist heritage <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> set against China\u2019s \u201cMiddle Kingdom\u201d <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> rebalance the order, not replace it<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>strategic autonomy recast, inaction <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> action (Jaishankar) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> non-alignment <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> multi-alignment, interest not loyalty (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Raja Mohan<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> democratise world politics (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Avinash Kumar<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> G20 2023 (\u201cOne Earth, One Family, One Future,\u201d AU entry, Global Biofuels Alliance, IMEC vs BRI) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Voice of the Global South <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> bridge West\u2013South (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Bajpaee<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> balancer <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> leading power<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>premise contested: bipolar US\u2013China, multipolarity a \u201ccostly illusion\u201d (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Rajagopalan<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> post-hegemonic \/ multiplex order (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Acharya<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> so multipolarity is description + goal <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> yet character reformist not revisionist: BRICS anti-hegemonic without a clean break (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Papa<\/b> &amp; <b>Han<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> limits: China security dilemma + few real partners (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Farwa<\/b>), Global-South claim contested (Brazil, Indonesia)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> coherent + distinctive vision <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> change through inclusion, not disruption<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> verdict hinges on two tests <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> multipolarity proving more than aspiration + flexible autonomy maturing into consistent leadership at home<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[37],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[88],"pyq_paper":[69],"class_list":["post-1596","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-37","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-recent-developments-in-indian-foreign-policy","pyq_paper-paper-2"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5008,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/1596\/revisions\/5008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=1596"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=1596"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=1596"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=1596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}