{"id":970,"date":"2026-08-09T18:45:48","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:15:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/critically-examine-the-neo-liberal-theory-of-the-state-upsc-psir-2013-0203\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:10","slug":"critically-examine-the-neo-liberal-theory-of-the-state-upsc-psir-2013-0203","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/critically-examine-the-neo-liberal-theory-of-the-state-upsc-psir-2013-0203\/","title":{"rendered":"Critically examine the neo-liberal theory of the State."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> market-centred theory <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> not abolition but rollback of welfare <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> state as facilitator of markets<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> revival of 19th-c liberalism <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> rose late 1970s against welfare-state crisis <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> \u201cmarket fundamentalism\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>individual + market primacy <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Hayek<\/b> (<i>The Road to Serfdom<\/i>: planning <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> lost liberty; social justice a mirage) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Nozick<\/b> (<i>Anarchy, State, and Utopia<\/i>: minimal night-watchman, redistribution illegitimate) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> programme (privatisation, deregulation, free trade, austerity) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b>Thatcher\u2019s<\/b> TINA <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> Thatcherism \/ Reaganism \/ LPG 1991 \/ Washington Consensus<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p><b class=\"pq-sc\">Polanyi<\/b> (markets need the state to exist) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> 2008 crisis <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> inequality \/ wealth concentration <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Stiglitz<\/b> \u201cfailed ideology\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> minimal state utopian <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> market rests on state enforcement <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> not state vs market but what kind of state<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> social-liberal synthesis (<b class=\"pq-sc\">Rawls \/ Sen \/ Dworkin<\/b>) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> private growth + state capacity + civil-society accountability<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[46],"pyq_marks":[31],"pyq_topic":[44],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-970","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-46","pyq_marks-20-marks","pyq_topic-theories-of-the-state","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4564,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/970\/revisions\/4564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}