{"id":988,"date":"2026-08-09T18:45:54","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:15:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/comment-on-the-affirmative-action-in-around-150-words-upsc-psir-2016-0401\/"},"modified":"2026-08-09T21:56:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T16:26:13","slug":"comment-on-the-affirmative-action-in-around-150-words-upsc-psir-2016-0401","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/comment-on-the-affirmative-action-in-around-150-words-upsc-psir-2016-0401\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment on the affirmative action in around 150 words."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>&mdash; how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">R) affirmative action as the instrument converting formal \u2192 substantive equality R2 deliberate state measures for groups hit by historical discrimination + structural exclusion \u2192 India frame (reservation, Arts 15\/16)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">TT Terme meaning + Indian form \u2192 moral justification (Rawls\u2019s difference principle \u2192 Ambedkar\u2019s social democracy) \u2192 aim is fair conditions, not favour<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">Sowell: weakens merit, deepens division \u2192 reverse discrimination \/ creamy layer \/ stigma persist<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">R1 necessary for distributive justice routes R2 valid only as targeted, reviewable measure \u2014 not a permanent entitlement<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[42],"pyq_marks":[38],"pyq_topic":[49],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-988","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-42","pyq_marks-10-marks","pyq_topic-equality","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2410,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/988\/revisions\/2410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=988"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=988"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=988"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}