{"id":995,"date":"2026-08-09T18:45:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T13:15:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/pyq\/equality-of-estates-caused-equality-of-power-and-equality-of-upsc-psir-2022-0408\/"},"modified":"2026-08-12T21:23:19","modified_gmt":"2026-08-12T15:53:19","slug":"equality-of-estates-caused-equality-of-power-and-equality-of-upsc-psir-2022-0408","status":"publish","type":"psir_pyq","link":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/psir-pyq\/equality-of-estates-caused-equality-of-power-and-equality-of-upsc-psir-2022-0408\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cEquality of estates caused equality of power, and equality of power is liberty.\u201d Comment."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pq-flow\">\n<div class=\"pq-flow-h\">Flow snapshot <em>\u2014 how the answer moves<\/em><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p1\"><span>Intro routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> locate line in <b class=\"pq-sc\">Harrington<\/b> <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> property\u2013power\u2013liberty chain <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> stake: necessary, not complete<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> republican claim that economic structure underpins freedom <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> strong but partial<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p2\"><span>Body flow<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>estates = wide diffusion of property <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> blocks concentration of power <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> dispersed power = liberty survives <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> gross wealth <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> influence \/ patronage \/ domination <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Harrington<\/b> verbatim <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> modern form: civic independence + <b class=\"pq-sc\">Rawls<\/b> (fair value of political liberty) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> land reform \/ progressive tax \/ anti-trust as checks<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p3\"><span>Counter-view<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p>estates not sufficient (courts, free media, constitutional safeguards) <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> caste \/ gender \/ race hierarchies survive property reform <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> <b class=\"pq-sc\">Hayek<\/b>: forced material equality <span class=\"pq-ar\">\u2192<\/span> totalitarian power<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-fb\">\n<div class=\"pq-pill p4\"><span>Conclusion routes<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pq-ft\">\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 1<\/i> important but not exclusive foundation of liberty<\/p>\n<p class=\"pq-r\"><i class=\"pq-rt\">Route 2<\/i> economic equality one pillar; liberty rests on property <i>and<\/i> institutions together<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"pyq_year":[47],"pyq_marks":[35],"pyq_topic":[49],"pyq_paper":[33],"class_list":["post-995","psir_pyq","type-psir_pyq","status-publish","hentry","pyq_year-47","pyq_marks-15-marks","pyq_topic-equality","pyq_paper-paper-1"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/psir_pyq"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4589,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/psir_pyq\/995\/revisions\/4589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"pyq_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_year?post=995"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_marks","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_marks?post=995"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_topic?post=995"},{"taxonomy":"pyq_paper","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forumias.com\/psir\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pyq_paper?post=995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}