=======URGENT==============
Is there any excel sheet/ data sheet where students post there test series marks obtained in various sectional and full mock test series.
last time it was there. HELPS in assessing relative performance and act as motivating factor.
if anyone has the link please post/create one.
THANKS IN ADVANCE.
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PCyAd_d7aDJ1pmFeWxo8xmQYIlkD5PKokdYE9ZtzT50/edit#gid=0
and "union" territories are essentially union's territories so dispute between union and union territories doesn't make much sense.
“To protect monuments, places, and objects of artistic or historic interest” is a provision made under
: (a) Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy
(b) Directive Principles of State Policy only
(c) Fundamental Duties only
(d) Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties
I need a little help here... I think answer should be (d)
But it is wrong as per key. why?
The fundamental duty you are confusing it with says- to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
protection is a duty of state; citizens have to value and preserve the monument.
Can ministers be held liable in courts for their official acts? (abyaas 1 question 85)
the solution says no, they can't be held liable. But I think otherwise. The cases of misappropriation in official capacity does lead to legal liability. for example, prosecution in 2G scam, common wealth games scam and more recently Chidambaram case.
someone please throw some light on it!
@AlexanderSupertramp in all the examples u gave, office holders did not act in accordance with their official duties ...they engaged or alleged to be engaged in quid pro quo.For instance, suppose minister of finance takes a policy decision which results in huge loss to public exchequer but he/she didn't commit any crime under any act(PMLA,FEMA etc). Then he/she can't be held accountable for the decision until and unless he/she counter sign the decision which is not the case in Indian democracy.
Note - he/she can't be held accountable in a court of law, but parliament is free to censure the minister or council of ministers.
thanks buddy!
simulator 1, question number 57, option c which is marked to be correct.
it states that- "If any person is convicted of an offence of bribery, he/she shall be disqualified from voting at any electionfor a period of six years''.
however the disqualification rpa, 1951 talks about is for contesting the elections and not for voting. Is the question wrong or am i missing something here?
@upsc2020 Q.57) For elections/nomination to theParliament, which of the following is correct?a) A retired Chief Justice of India cannot benominated by the President to the Rajya Sabha.b) A candidate fielded by a recognized politicalparty does not need any proposer to file hisnomination for Lok Sabha election.c) If any person is convicted of an offence ofbribery, he/she shall be disqualified fromvoting at any election for a period of six years.d) All of the above statements are incorrect.solution provided-Exp) Option a is incorrect. Nomination to Rajya Sabha requires a person to have special knowledge orpractical experience in matters like literature, science, art and social service. Recently, retired Chief Justice ofIndia, Ranjan Gogoi has been nominated to the Rajya Sabha.Option b is incorrect. A candidate filing for candidature needs one proposer from his/ her constituencywhen the candidate belongs to a recognized national or State party.Option c is correct. A candidate gets six year of disqualification if he/ she gets convicted for an offence ofbribery under Representation of People’s Act 1951.
I think statement c is erroneous. It's not related to the question.
yeah, that's what my doubt was.
This doubt is regarding Positive Liberty V/s Negative Liberty:
What i understand by these terms is that Positive liberty is freedom to do or have something whereas negative liberty is freedom from something suchasdiscrimination.
In this context, I want to ask why " Article 16: Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment " comes under Positive Liberty and not Negative Liberty.
Positive liberty is basically freedom from restraint, itprohibits the govtfrom putting restraint.
In that sense negative liberty is restraints citizens from doing something (interrupting other's liberty), itempowers the govt to put restraints.
Article 16prohibits the govtfrom discriminating (putting restraint) for public employment. Hence comes under positive liberty.
Isn’t Strait of Hormuz between Oman and Iran ?
@rashiv Yes it is between oman and Iran.
The tip of continent opening into the strait is an Omanian territory.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
- The Supreme Court does not have jurisdiction to adjudicate water disputes.
- The Writ Jurisdiction is both original as well as appellate.
Select the correct option using the codes given below:
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D Neither 1 nor 2
A- It is upto parliament to set up a body or tribunal to deal with them. The supreme court intervention is sought as a special leave to petition and not as a matter of right.
With reference toMarine protected areas.were they established by WPA1972? Are they defined anywhere?
yes they are designated under WPA, 1972
https://vikaspedia.in/energy/environment/biodiversity-1/the-coastal-ecosystem
Consider the following statements regarding Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme
1. It covers all the farmers (subject to certain exclusion criterion)
2. It is a Central Sector Scheme with 100% funding from government of India
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
Explanation
Exp) Option (c) Both 1 and 2
Doubt:Shouldn't the first option have mentioned all landholder farmers instead of just farmers? Expecting a quick response.
this what the official website says-
"
- Under the Scheme an income support of Rs.6000/- per year is provided to all farmer families across the country in three equal installments of Rs.2000/- each every four months.
"
source:https://pmkisan.gov.in/
So unless asked about the landless farmers specifically, we should take it to be applicable for all farmers subject to exclusion.
Muhammadan educational conference was established by Sir Syed Ahmed as a precursor of Muhammadan Anglo - Oriental College
This statement is wrong , what is the correct answer ?
Muhammadan anglo-oriental college was established in 1875 whereas, Muhammadan educational conference was started in 1886. So it couldn't have acted as a precursor.
how long can a local government(Municipal ) election be postponed ? is there any section in rpa 1951 or constitution....
Article 243U of indian constitution says that they should be conducted before the expiry of the duration of current municipality; if dissolved sooner, then they should be held before the end of 6 months after the dissolution.
So they can be postponed for a maximum of 6 months after dissolution.
1. Is Right to property legal right or constitutional right?2. Is Right to vote legal right or constitutional right?What will be the answers for above questions as per UPSC answer key?1. Right to Property - Constitutional Right under Article 300A of the Indian Constitution.
2. Right to vote - Constitutional Right according to CSE 2017 UPSC Key.
2. right to vote- article 326 of Indian constitution
Could someone please help me with the following question : I think a deficit budget should be used in the case of a recession
the answer seems to be 'A'.
Keynesian economics emphasises that to simulate economy and growth, money should be given to people so that they spend it on stuff. This way demand picks up, subsequently, production picks up too. This, in turn, generates employment. Thus helps in overcoming depression and hastening recovery.
Deficit budget implies that govt is spending more than it could earn in previous fiscal. This in a way shows that govt is spending on infra or other social sectors so that demand picks up. This is in consonance with Keynesian economics.
Whereas, surplus budget implies that the govt is not spending enough (at the time of recession and depression).
Could someone please help me with the following question : I think a deficit budget should be used in the case of a recession
the answer seems to be 'A'.
Keynesian economics emphasises that to simulate economy and growth, money should be given to people so that they spend it on stuff. This way demand picks up, subsequently, production picks up too. This, in turn, generates employment. Thus helps in overcoming depression and hastening recovery.
Deficit budget implies that govt is spending more than it could earn in previous fiscal. This in a way shows that govt is spending on infra or other social sectors so that demand picks up. This is in consonance with Keynesian economics.
Whereas, surplus budget implies that the govt is not spending enough (at the time of recession and depression).
Can anyone please explain how to solve such questions
(UPSC 2010)
from the point of view of evolution, which one of the following is the correct sequence -
a) Otter- Tortoise- Shark
b) shark- tortoise- otter
c) tortoise- shark-otter
d)shark-otter-tortoise
same question in 2009 also-
this time the options are different
a) octopus- dolphin- shark
b) pangolin- tortoise- hawk
c) salamander- python- kangaroo
d) frog- crab- prawn
Can anyone please explain how to solve such questions
(UPSC 2010)
from the point of view of evolution, which one of the following is the correct sequence -
a) Otter- Tortoise- Shark
b) shark- tortoise- otter
c) tortoise- shark-otter
d)shark-otter-tortoise
same question in 2009 also-
this time the options are different
a) octopus- dolphin- shark
b) pangolin- tortoise- hawk
c) salamander- python- kangaroo
d) frog- crab- prawn
Ok so the only way which I have figured out to deal with these questions is through the standard evolution diagram given in every science/geo book.
This question we had discussed on PYQ thread as well: https://forumias.com/post/detail/Previous-Year-Questions-60-Days-Mission-1585383124?JSwzPFAtUzhgCmAK
@upsc2020 , this makes sense. Thank you!
Can anyone please explain how to solve such questions
(UPSC 2010)
from the point of view of evolution, which one of the following is the correct sequence -
a) Otter- Tortoise- Shark
b) shark- tortoise- otter
c) tortoise- shark-otter
d)shark-otter-tortoise
same question in 2009 also-
this time the options are different
a) octopus- dolphin- shark
b) pangolin- tortoise- hawk
c) salamander- python- kangaroo
d) frog- crab- prawn
Is answer for PYQ 2010 - (b), PYQ 2009 - (c) ?
@capricornape,yes.
How did you identify it?
Does the privatisation or merger of Public sector units require parliamentary nod?
The merger of public sector banks require parliamentary nod, mainly because they have been established under parliamentary acts. Similarly, can we say that the merger of Public sector enterprises also requires parliamentary nod for those established under an act of parliament?
In other words, to calculate the value of our currency, weighted average of our exchange rate with all these (SDR basket currencies) is taken.
@AlexanderSupertramp But shouldn't the answer be 1 and 3 only? Even during an economic recovery, Keynes would suggest a deficit budget right? A surplus budget would just hinder the recovery.
yes, that's right
37) Consider the following statements about Dadabhai Naoroji: 1. He propounded the theory of Drain of Wealth for the first time in his book Poverty and UnBritish rule in India. 2. He presided over Indian National Congress sessions three times. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? a) 1 only b) 2 only c
how ans is b.
Both seem to be true
But the catch here is the phrase- "for the first time". So poverty and unBritish rule was published in 1901. He must have propounded theory before that maybe around the 1890s (during the moderate phase of independence struggle).
This is wrt Article 352'National Emergency'-
Here, if the Rajya Sabha disapproves the proclamation, will the emergency end with it?
Since any approval of emergency requires approval from both the houses, if one house outright rejects it, it ends. The government then has to start the procedure of proclamation again.
We know that appeals against Central Administrative Tribunals lie before divisional bench of concerned High Courts. Where do appeals against State Administrative Tribunals lie? Is it also against High Courts or District Courts?
It should lie with high courts. Both state and central administrative tribunals are constituted by the parliament, therefore the appellate mechanism should also be the same.
Q For elections/nomination to the Parliament, which of the following is correct?a) A retired Chief Justice of India cannot be nominated by the President to the Rajya Sabha.b) A candidate fielded by a recognized political party does not need any proposer to file his nomination for Lok Sabha election.c) If any person is convicted of an offence of bribery, he/she shall be disqualified from voting at any election for a period of six years.d) All of the above statements are incorrect.I marked D. Answer given is CHow is option C correct?- Isn't the disqualification of 6 years regarding the contesting of elections or membership (in case of sitting legislator) but not regarding voting at elections.As far as i understand disqualification from voting does not have a time limit to it. A person stands disqualified to vote upon conviction itself which can be more or less than 6 years.Please confirm.
yes that's right. the bar is for contesting and not for voting. I think this is some simulator question. It has been a misprint.
What is the ratio of direct-to-indirect tax in India? I read somewhere that direct taxes form about 50% of tax revenue.
But, which is higher - direct or indirect tax revenue?
https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/Budget_at_Glance/bag5.pdfthe official budget statistics.
direct tax collection is higher than indirect tax
What is the ratio of direct-to-indirect tax in India? I read somewhere that direct taxes form about 50% of tax revenue.
But, which is higher - direct or indirect tax revenue?
https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/Budget_at_Glance/bag5.pdfthe official budget statistics.
direct tax collection is higher than indirect tax
Do you also know Govt subsidy to GDP ratio and %age of govt expenditure in subsidies?
Also, how can I check such statistics? I am not able to find them in Budget documents.
Do we really need to read and remember such fact?
Economic survey is a rich repository of data and facts of the economy.
MarcusAsaid
#notice2
Odd one out is true= eg
With reference to Mian Tansen, which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Tansen was the title given to him by Emperor Akbar
(b) Tansen composed Dhrupads on Hindu gods and goddesses.
(c) Tansen composed songs on his patrons.
(d) Tansen invented many Ragasonly odd statement is A . other deal with songs and ragas
28. Which one of the following National Parks lies completely in the temperate alpine zone?
(a) Manas National Park
(b) Namdapha National Park
(c) Neora Valley National Park
(d) Valley of Flowers National Parkbarring valley of flowers all other are in east/northeast
I think we should create separate thread.
yes, something like mcq elimination- tips and tricks. It would help in making a repository of all such tips at one place.
The answer given is d. Shouldn't it be c?
@extinctinwild I feel the same after giving about 15 tests. How you expect to at least improve as the number of revisions increase, on the contrary I became increasingly doubt ridden. I’ll take the advice, thanks !!
I don't know what's the purpose if making the tests this way. They are targeting their energies just to get those 5 random obscure questions right and claim that they make test papers at par with UPSC.
I think writing open tests is a better way of assessing oneself since there we have the percentile scores to get the idea of our standing.
@upsc2020 ,@AzadHindFauz ,@Patootie Thanks for the valuable inputs.
a)- false, Arun jaitley and then Niramala Sitaraman were from the upper house.
c)- no convention as such (what if the ruling coalition doesn't have any member from a particular state.)
d) Cheif Justice of India officiates the Office of president in such a scenario.
so that leaves us with (b) as the answer
Would the first statement be correct now given that GDP contracted in Q1 of 2020?
This is a 2011 question I think.
And not just on basis on 2020 contraction, GDP has not steadily increased.
2019 was 5.02%, a 1.1% decline from 2018.
2018 was 6.12%, a 0.92% decline from 2017.
2017 was 7.04%, a 1.21% decline from 2016.
2016 was 8.26%, a 0.26% increase from 2015
Regarding statement 1, I think here we are asked about the gross gdp. From the data that you have mentioned we can deduce that gdp "growth" has not increased consistently. However, since there is growth, that is, the change in GDP is positive it implies that the GDP (and not GDP growth rate) has increased consistently.
@AlexanderSupertramp principled distance model( u can read about rajeev bhargava)i too would have marked all three in ivc ques..art 17 is absolute..btw can you share pdf if available?
yes, but the question was talking about fundamental rights in general. Toh usme toh they are not absolute as a whole.
@AlexanderSupertramp principled distance model( u can read about rajeev bhargava)i too would have marked all three in ivc ques..art 17 is absolute..btw can you share pdf if available?
yes, but the question was talking about fundamental rights in general. Toh usme toh they are not absolute as a whole.
no,the question has put forth 3 statements which are true in general, and has asked which of those statements are applicable to art 17.
read the last sentence of the question just now. How ignorant of me!
Sorry for the trouble!
Indus valley script was bidirectional, isn't it?As per many sources, IVC script was written boustrophedonically.(Bidirectional) But this is not certain, and many claim that it was written right to left.
NCERT suggests that it was written from right to left.
Thanks!
Had read somewhere about its bidirectionality. The old NCERT doesn't mention about the direction of the script writing. However, since new ncert mentions it then will follow that fact in future.
it is 2 only. i guess bp singhal case ( not sure) allowed for removal w/o hearing
art 156 has given 5 year term to gov.
Check last to 2nd para@MarcusA
156. Term of office of Governor.—(1) The Governor shall hold office during thepleasure of the President.
(2) The Governor may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office.
(3) Subject to the foregoing provisions of this article,a Governor shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office:
Provided that a Governor shall, notwithstanding the expiration of his term, continue to hold office until his successor enters upon his office.
it is 2 only. i guess bp singhal case ( not sure) allowed for removal w/o hearing
art 156 has given 5 year term to gov.
Check last to 2nd para@MarcusA
156. Term of office of Governor.—(1) The Governor shall hold office during thepleasure of the President.
(2) The Governor may, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office.
(3) Subject to the foregoing provisions of this article,a Governor shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office:
Provided that a Governor shall, notwithstanding the expiration of his term, continue to hold office until his successor enters upon his office.
@Freakhoto , This is what the constitution says.
With reference to 'contract farming' in India, consider the following statements:
1. Farmers practising contract farming can invoke protections under the consumer protection act, 1986.
2. In India, engagement of farmers in contract farming is legally not considered as a commercial activity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c)Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
The answer is given to be c.
I doubt statement1. How can farmers invoke protections from CoPrA,1986? As fas as I can remember it has been repealed with the introduction of CoPrA 2019.
Even if it is true, then also, how is CoPrA applicable to contract farming?
Okay, thanks!With reference to 'contract farming' in India, consider the following statements:
1. Farmers practising contract farming can invoke protections under the consumer protection act, 1986.
2. In India, engagement of farmers in contract farming is legally not considered as a commercial activity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c)Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
The answer is given to be c.
I doubt statement1. How can farmers invoke protections from CoPrA,1986? As fas as I can remember it has been repealed with the introduction of CoPrA 2019.
Even if it is true, then also, how is CoPrA applicable to contract farming?
Statement 1 is true because of a SC judgement.
The Hon’ble Supreme Court, on 6th March 2020, in the matter of M/S Nandan Biomatrix Ltd. v. S. Ambika Devi & Ors. pronounced that in cases where the farmer has purchased goods or availed of services in order to grow produce in order to eke out a livelihood, the fact that the said produce is being sold back to the seller or service provider or to a third party cannot stand in the way of the farmer amounting to a “consumer” under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
Understood the logic behind consumer relationship between contractor and farmer.
"The general elevation of theplateau is from the west to the east, which isalso proved by the pattern of the flow of rivers"
^This is what NCERT says about Peninsular plateau.
Doubt- Doesn't the term 'genal elevation from a to b ' indicate that the plateau increases in elevation/height from a to b. That is b is at a higher elevation than a.
But as we know from the drainage pattern of peninsular rivers that majority of them flow from west to east. That is the western part is higher than the eastern part. So shouldn't the general elevation be from east to west?
Or am I getting it in the opposite sense of what it is?
A few doubts regarding emergency provisions in the constitution.
1. Regarding article 360, Financial emergency- Can the president declare a financial emergency in a part of India? Or does it has to be declared in the country as a whole?
2. Regarding article 359 (3), suspension of the right to move to court for the enforcement of fundament rights- It says that the presidential order should be laid before each house of parliament.
But laxmikanth mentions that - it should be laid before each house of parliamentfor approval.
Doubt- the constitution just mentions that it should be laid before the houses. I think that means just like the reports of various constitutional bodies that are laid before each house and discussion takes place on them. However, laxmikanth interprets it that it has to be laid before each house and be voted upon to get approval. Which is not mentioned in the constitution.
So which interpretation is right?
Economic survey, chapter 5, page 154.
"Need for system design in healthcare
5.11 Given these market failures, a free market where individual consumers purchase services from providers on their own while paying at the point of service leads to severely sub-optimal outcomes including demand that can be influenced and induced by suppliers, over-seeking of hospitalization and under-seeking of primary care/public health when compared to economically optimal levels, and catastrophic out-of-pocket spending in part due to the low preference for health insurance. Therefore,most well-functioning health systems are structured as oligopolies purchasing from oligopsonys instead of individual consumers purchasing from individual providers. The structure of the market has substantial implications for long term trajectory of the health system. Countries with more fragmented health systems tend to have lower performance as reflected in higher costs, lower efficiency, and poor quality. Therefore, in addition to providing healthcare services and financing healthcare, a key role for the government is to actively shape the structure of the healthcare market."
Doubts-
- Can someone please explain the underlines phrase?
- What does it mean by health systems structured as oligopolies purchasing from oligopsonies?
- Is there any such system existing anywhere in any country?
- Would not an oligopoly be determinantal to the interests of the free market by preventing new players to enter?
- Would this system not kill innovation?
Can you please give some example of oligopoly in the health sector? I just cannot understand how can we have an oligopoly in a free market or health sector in particular. That's why wanted to know of some example (if any).@AlexanderSupertramp Government itself encourages certain monopolies to encourage innovation like patents. Since oligopoly market structure is closer to monopoly market structure, using the same logic we can argue it won't harm innovation. Atleast in the health market oligopoly won't harm innovation. Otherwise such a recommendation would not have been given in the ES.
Wonderfully explained. Thanks!Economic survey, chapter 5, page 154.
"Need for system design in healthcare
5.11 Given these market failures, a free market where individual consumers purchase services from providers on their own while paying at the point of service leads to severely sub-optimal outcomes including demand that can be influenced and induced by suppliers, over-seeking of hospitalization and under-seeking of primary care/public health when compared to economically optimal levels, and catastrophic out-of-pocket spending in part due to the low preference for health insurance. Therefore,most well-functioning health systems are structured as oligopolies purchasing from oligopsonys instead of individual consumers purchasing from individual providers. The structure of the market has substantial implications for long term trajectory of the health system. Countries with more fragmented health systems tend to have lower performance as reflected in higher costs, lower efficiency, and poor quality. Therefore, in addition to providing healthcare services and financing healthcare, a key role for the government is to actively shape the structure of the healthcare market."
Doubts-
Thanks in advance!
- Can someone please explain the underlines phrase?
- What does it mean by health systems structured as oligopolies purchasing from oligopsonies?
- Is there any such system existing anywhere in any country?
- Would not an oligopoly be determinantal to the interests of the free market by preventing new players to enter?
- Would this system not kill innovation?
The problem it is highlighting is that individual customers buying from individual providers has led to a lot of fragmentation in the system and system goals aren't being met.
For eg.
We want to improve PHC and reduce secondary and tertiary healthcare costs , but instead some private hospitals force u to get admitted (secondary hc) even if u can be treated in the Out Patient Dept (PHC) where u don't need hospitalisation
On the other hand ,
Some hospitals sometimes don't have beds (probably due to above tactics) and especially for the poor , so they are not admitted and forced to rely only on periodic visit , even though they actually need hospitalisation
What does this indicate ? The fact that the customer is at the mercy of the supplier and there doesn't seem to be a system in place. U can use ur imagination at all levels of current healhtcare system to understand the fragmented approach discussed above.
Now coming to oligopoly and oligopsony, it says there should be only a few healthcare providers(oligopoly) (let's assume ambani, fortis and Birla) hospitals as the only 3 chains across India , and now it also says there shud be only few healthcare customers (oligopsony)
So this implies both of them have only a few options to choose from and hence can't do much of manipulation amongst the customers, so they will have to adapt to standard practices as each customer will be having a huge part of demand pie.
These customers that we need are the insurance providers.
If there are let's say just 3 health insurance providers in India , then they will be paying everyones hospitalisation cost and everything else on the basis of the premiums they get.
So at this time there will be less discrimination amongst individual customers and more uniform procedure of healhtcare distribution
Also since the providers are also few , there will be uniformity in procedure and screening too.
Currently insurance penetration is very very low in india , which is why it is a good way to start off and creat an ecosystem where Out of Pocket expenditure is Not As High as it is today due to its fragmented nature.
For ur last qtn,
Currently there is no or very low Innovation in the country because of unreliable demand and case based profit mongering by institutions. If some institutions are sure of their market profitability (in an oliogopoly) there's a higher chance they will invest in rigorous R&D for innovation in healthcare.
U can see how ONGC, Reliance all are heavily investing in Biofuels,
Adani , Tata heavily investing in renewable power
Why and how can they do so, because of their consistent profit from other sectors like petroleum and power generation, which is more or less an oligopoly.
Hope this helps!
Doubt about the density of continental and oceanic crust-
page no 25, ncert, physical geography says that continental crust is made up of heavier rocks having a density of 3 g/cm3.
The mean density of oceanic crust is 2.7 g/cm3.
G.C.Leong on the other hand says quite the opposite. That is, continental is 2.7 and oceanic is 3.
What should be our response if a question asks us about which one is denser?
@Celeborn@dragon_rider@RAGNAROK.Thanks a lot for the help!!!
We are all aware about the problems associated with lack of effective regulation of NGOs in India. However, we cannot deny their impact on developmental processes either. In this regard, how do we balance the need for effective regulation without crippling the agency of NGOs?
Things to keep in mind: NGO concentration in urban areas, small scale of the majority of NGOs, the causes raised by NGOs being so diverse but all important in their own sense, need for equality in regulation of NGOs, need for equitable distribution of resources and equity in society
Main concerns raised over the working of NGOs-
- Financial- used for round-tripping and money laundering.
- Advocacy NGOs- alleged promotion of discontentment and instability.
Need of regulations-
- To check on financial irregularities.
- To check where the funds are being spent and whether the funds are legitimately accounted for.
- To involve them in policymaking and hence identifying the core NGOs who are expert in a particular group.
Problems faced by small NGOs-
- Human resources- involving expert individuals who can manage and do the recordkeeping of their finances.
- Funds collection- they are already short of funds and keep up with regulations (like filing of accounts with help of accountants etc.) has a high margin cost for them.
- Exploitation by the authorities due to their vulnerable position.
Solutions that could help them-
- Simplifying and streamlining the process of filing/updating required information to govt.
- use of understandable interface on portal like e-Darpan etc.
- designing apps that could work on low data bandwidth so that it bridges the digital divide to an extent.
- Providing simplified accounting and record-keeping templates so that it becomes easy for the NGOs also to maintain data and get accountability of the position holders to the NGO stakeholders as well.
- Introducing open courses (MOOC) on different aspects of NGO management (like accounting, record keeping, human resources, impact assessment) using facilities like SWAYAM portal. Through this people could skill themselves while working and the NGOs could also avail services of trained professionals.
Way forward-
- As Economic survey 2020-21 mentioned, excess regulations to rule out discretion gives even more discretion to the official on the application of rules. So as mentioned in the survey, there should be succinct regulations in the are areas where they are necessary.
- Increased transparency should accompany the discretionary power.
- Ex- ante accountability mechanisms should be strengthened.
- The appeal mechanism against the decisions should be made cost-effective and quick so that even the small NGOs can access them.
Hey! Whenever in doubt consult the constitution itself.Can someone tell the update number of list in Union and state , a bit confused
This is the latest released version from govt and there was no change in the seventh schedule post-GST. So this Dec 2020 updated version offers accurate information.
There was a yojana issue dealing with IR in recent months. It covered various regions as well as the diaspora. Can check that out.Can someone recommend some standard material/ book for IR (not current affairs)? I am reading ForumIAS pdf but it doesn't have international organisation, diaspora part.
Jaivik Bharat logo, NPOP and PGS , whats the difference ?
NPOP is under the ministry of commerce and industries.
Jaivik bharat logo and licence is granted by fssai once a product is certified as organic by NPOP or PGS. It is basically used to distinguish between organic and conventional food products for the lay consumers.
Both can declare. You can refer to section 35 and section 38 of WPA, 1972.Reading about wildlife santuries and national parks, I had one doubt. Who can declare these areas? Is it central or state govt? shankar says both. I am bit confused as to who declares.
For reference-
https://indiankanoon.org/doc/363486/
https://blog.ipleaders.in/protected-areas-wildlife-protection-act-1972/#Sanctuaries
^The last one is the most comprehensive one.
Statement one is definitely wrong. Booth capturing is nowhere even mentioned in the constitution as well as the 61st CAA let alone be defined.
This PYQ says 'booth capturing ' is defined in constitution. Can anyone verify this? I couldn't find anything to support this.
I crosschecked this question in two places and both say (b) as the answer. 61st CA is generally known to decrease the voting age to 18 usme ye booth capturing kaha se aya?
This is the 61st CAA-
Statement of Objects and Reasons appended to the Constitution (Sixty-second Amendment) Bill, 1988 (Bill No. 129 of 1988) which was enacted as THE CONSTITUTION (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988
STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS
Article 326 of the Constitution provides that the elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assembly of every State shall be on the basis of adult suffrage, that is to say, a person should not be less than 21 years of age. It has been found that many of the countries have specified 18 years as the voting age. In our country some of the State Governments have adopted 18 years of age for elections to the local authorities. The present-day youth are literate and enlightened and the lowering of the voting age would provide to the unrepresented youth of the country an opportunity to give vent to their feelings and help them become a part of the political process. The present-day youth are very much politically conscious. It is, therefore, proposed to reduce the voting age from 21 years to 18 years.
2. The Bill seeks to achieve the above object.
NEW DELHI; B SHANKARANAND.
The 9th December, 1988.
THE CONSTITUTION (SIXTY-FIRST AMENDMENT) ACT, 1988
[28th March, 1989.]
An Act further to amend the Constitution of India.
BE it enacted by Parliament in the Thirty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:-
1. Short title.- This Act may be called the Constitution (Sixty-first Amendment) Act, 1988.
2. Amendment of article 326.-In article 326 of the Constitution, for the words "twenty-one years", the words "eighteen years" shall be substituted.
Booth capturing is nowhere mentioned in the constitution too.
If someone gave ShankarIAS's open test yesterday, could you please share the solution PDF. Thank You.
https://iasparliament.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/All+India+Mock+Test+1+2021+G.S+Key.pdf
If someone gave ShankarIAS's open test yesterday, could you please share the solution PDF. Thank You.https://iasparliament.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/All+India+Mock+Test+1+2021+G.S+Key.pdf
Can you please share the question paper also, separately?
https://www.iasparliament.com/uploads/downloads/SIA_All_India_Mock_Test_1_GS_Question_Paper.pdf
Continuously doing the passages becomes a bit monotonous and reduces speed too. Since in UPSC the passages are there in the paper continuously, I try to do a single passage (the one with 2-3 questions) and 2 if they are single questioned one. Then I do the non-comprehension (LR and maths) questions. Then automatically after a few questions, there will be passages. There I try to follow the sequence and solve the passage questions as long as I don't start feeling that my reading speed has slowed down. Once I think the monotony has started catching up, I skip the comprehension questions and do the subsequent LR and quant questions. Then again follow the sequence of question paper till comprehension again. Then skipping after monotony hits and proceed with other questions.Can anybody tell with their experience in CSAT, how much time should we actually spend on the passages? I want to have a general idea.
Edit : I can complete some 12-15 passages in half n hour in exam like conditions - talking and stuff.
There is no security of tenure for election commissioners, unlike the CEC. They can be removed anytime (though it's not done usually). Also as far as I remember there had been some SC judgement saying that the power to recommend removal by CEC is not absolute and arbitrary.How are the other election commissioners removed? Like if the CEC recommends to remove then are they removed? Or after recommendation parliament also has to pass reosltuion with 2/3rd majority?
This feels like such a bummer this close to the exam. How can it possibly go this low?!
Even if it did, I was comfortably scoring above it as per various keys. Still didn't make the cut. Makes me second guess my capabilities for this exam. The answer key alone would be able to unravel this mystery. Meanwhile, I would keep running the various scenarios that could've played the spoilsport like marking the omr wrong etc. I definitely have no doubt about my csat performance so it's something with GS only.
Yesterday's forum open gave such a boost to my confidence and now, after watching the cutoff it dropped to even below the status quo ante.
Sorry guys just ranting here. Does anyone have any idea when would the answer key be released?
for numbers 1 to 9->9 digitsa printer numbers the pages of a book starting with 1 and uses 3089 digits in all. How many pages does the book have?
a)1040
b)1048
c)1049
d)1050
can someone explain how to do this type of ques
