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Doubt Clearance Thread: UPSC 2021

Best efficient source to cover the "trends" type question in economics-crops, production, gdp etc? Is it available anywhere in a single platform or do we have to do window-shopping which takes a lot of time, and to me it sounds like a never ending struggle because frankly, trends can be asked of any obscure thing. How do we proceed?
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Aren't current affairs from Aug 2019 to March 2021 more relevant for prelims (Yes, thats approx 20 months) rather than those from April 2021 to September 2021? The currents immediately preceding 4-5 months from the paper hardly find mention in the paper, but we keep on doing them like crazy, increasing our effort on not-so-productive outcomes. This is my view, kindly shed light how right/wrong am I? My previous experience of few prelim tells me this. 
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FCRA (Amendment) 2020 added "public servants" to list of prohibited entities who can receive foreign funds. FCRA, 2010 already had "govt servants". Whats the difference between two??
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@Shailputri Mnemonic...impact has "p" for producer, incidence has "c" for consumer. Initial burden on producer, hence impact and final burden on consumer hence incidence


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@sjerngal Yeah I think the word "death row" is crucial. Its not a death sentence. That solves my doubt. Thanks


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We come across these a lot:

1. Appointed by President

2. Appointed by central government

3. Appointed by Appointment Committee of the Cabinet. 

Whats the difference in any of these???

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Since UPSC thinks Chief Secretary is "appointed" by "Chief Minister"  (not Governor, UPSC-2016),  I think it is safe to assume on these lines that Cabinet Secretary, all other Central secretaries are appointed by Prime Minister and not the President?
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@Usain_bolt I think it is better to stick to a standard book, unless you have some authority from google saying it. Shankar has been the foundation and they do the research properly in my view. They know their book is read by millions of aspirants and will be under severe scrutiny, soI hope they do their due dilligence. If an authority like UN, IPCC or other Indian govt source says so, then only change whats written in the book.


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@D503 I think both. 1 is also correct. 2 toh correct hai hi. 


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@D503 Yeah point....my bad. 


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@Caesar Yes got it. A further clarification....laxmi writes president appoints chiefs of army, navy, air force. But they are appointed by ACC (Google and other orders). Similarly CDS is appointed by ACC. So what is correct here?


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@Usain_bolt See the option 4....To ensure "maximum" price for farmers...well, if you read agricultural price policy carefully, they always write "remunerative" price. Because "maximum" price is too extreme. So I saw this and straightaway marked A. 


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@Steph_Curry The question is asking "aim of education" and not the aims/objectives of the whole despatch itself. Aim of education is a part of the whole despatch. Now, I googled where can I find aim of education as stated in Wood's despatch. Link is given below, I think it could be taken as legitimate (its not official or anything). So, answer should be B. 
http://mohitpuri.pbworks.com/w/page/11465849/Woods%20Despatch


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Forum Open test question:

With reference to the early Medieval period in India (800 to 1200 AD), consider the following statements:

1. The fall of the Roman empire drastically reduced India's trade with the West.


Is this statement correct or not? A previous test somewhere said there was a drastic decrease, but answer key says this statement is false. Barring the usual funda of "drastic" word, can anyone confirm what really happened?

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@Master Yes. Actually I made a mistake. The phase of trade decline with Roman empire (which fell in 480 CE) coincides with Post Gupta and Harsha reign. So, there was a drastic decrease from about 500-900 CE before it was revived by Arabs in 1000 AD. Would that be a correct analysis? 


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2019 paper...two answers in official UPSC keys really bamboozled me:

1. When a State Legislature does not have a rule on a particular matter, itfollows theLok Sabha rule on that matter. This statement is correct.

2. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 were framed by the Government of India based on the recommendation of Ramsar Convention. This statement isnot correct.

No discussions required.....UPSC ne keh diya toh keh diya. Just sharing. Ratt lo bass

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@inQuisitive 🤣🤣


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@Tempo_High_Hain Was it this question?

If you withdraw Rs. 1,00,000 in cash from your Demand Deposit Account at your bank, the immediate effect on aggregate money supply in the economy will be

[a) to reduce it by ₹ 1,00,000

[b) to increase it by ₹ 1,00,000

[c) to increase it by more than ₹ 1,00,000

[d) to leave it unchanged

I have been confused with this since 1 year. Everyone says its very easy and answer is D. Please kindly explain to my mediocre mind. I think it should be B.


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Are rice fields/pans included as wetlands?
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@Rambo93 Confusing stuff hai....Wetland rules 2017 (source forumias env red book) say they are not included, but Ramsar definition says they are. If we are absolutely sure of Rules of 2017, we should follow it. Just confirming....so Rules it is?


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@Rambo93 Yeah agreed. Paddy field is excluded. So, the generic statements of NCERT saying "India has this much area of wetland in which 70% are under paddy cultivation" are all infructuous now??


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@HeNeArKr Ohhh...more confused now 


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@HeNeArKr Okkk....yeah this seems a better logical thing. 


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@TheNotorious Official UPSC answer is C-constitutional right


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@Conquer no. see pic. 


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@AureliusM "Fixed tenure" means that Term of office is fixed...like Constitution says term of office of UPSC chairman and members is six years, or the CAG Act says it is 6 years. The other thing related to age is an added secondary thing. that is why they write "whichever earlier". In case of Supreme court judges, Constitution says clearly the second condition of age, but since it has mentioned nothing about tenure, it means no fixed tenure. 


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@D503 Impeachment word is used only for President. Be careful with this, we normally use impeachment for SC/HC judges and CAG, CEC but according to Constitution this is wrong because it uses "removal" for these. Constitution uses impeachment ONLY for president. Secondly, Govt here means the President, and the President has a role to remove the CEC if he is removed according to the procedure of Judges Inquiry Act. If the statement had been "Govt by itself cannot remove CEC" that would have been correct. 


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@D503 Thats true, but to say Govt "cannot" remove CEC is wrong. It would mean President has no power to remove CEC but in reality it is quite the opposite. By the Constitution, the person isnt removed Until President issues the order. Ultimately it is the President who issues the order, so it is actually the Govt which has removed him. The whole parliamentary thing is the procedure, the ultimate order is of the president. Removal is incomplete until President gives the order. So, Govt "can" remove CEC.


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@D503 What Shankar had in their mind you can ask them, I am just giving my explanations. And you are correct, not many things are there in the country which the Govt cannot do. Ultimately it is a democratically elected Govt with a lot of powers, and wherever the role of President is mentioned, it means that it is within the purview of the Govt. But one eg could be--elected MPs/MLAs suffering defection under 10th Schedule...final authority is Speaker. No role of President here. So here, I would say "govt cannot remove MPs suffering defection" would be correct.   


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@necromancer I just thought here...can President return the removal proceedings for reconsideration? Basically use his suspensive veto?


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@Conquer The role of Govt (President) is mentioned in constitution itself. Imagine, if the removal proceedings are all done and he is presented with them, but he doesnt issue the order till 6 months. Doesnt that mean he has a major role in removing CEC, contrary to what you said that he has "no role"? Also, I don't know if he bound to give the order within a specified time or not. He may sit on it for as long as he likes. Remember the Constitution uses a negative worded statement...."The Judge of SC shall not be removed from his office except  by an order of President.....". Whenever they use a negative worded statement, the intent is to clarify the crucial role of President. Until President issues order, SC judge cant be removed, no matter if the Parliament has decided or not. In place of using a positive worded statement, a negative worded statement is intentionally put to say that if President doesnt give the order, the judge cant be removed. Period.   


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How many Chandrabhaga rivers are there in India? I found at least 3.....origin of Chenab, Bhima's other name and a tributary of Purna, which itself is tributary of Tapti. How does one remember all these ?
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@Conquer I would say it is VERY technical, and any more hair-splittery will make both of us lose more hair from the head. Let's move on.......I still have a lot to revise lol. 


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@RaGa means consider only Integers. Not much relevant factors are integers only which we consider. We don't consider fractions or decimals as factors. Answer would be 170?


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@Purplesunbird you said it! Jugaad is a necessary evil in this paper....too less or too much brings despair. 


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1. Odisha’s Bhitarkanika National Park is the second-largest mangrove forest in India.

2. Mangrove cover in Gujarat is the second largest after Sundarbans in West Bengal.

I have come across both these statements a lot but they appear contradictory to me. They both seem correct according to multiple sources but I cant fathom. Can anyone elaborate? 

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@Archand yeahhh...thanks makes sense now. 


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Does anyone have list of all relevant international agreements (specially nuclear) what India signed in last 1-2 years. I always get confused which country it is, and the names are all bogus and similar. eg-Action Plan for Prioritization and Implementation of Cooperation Areas in the Nuclear Field.......
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Does greece border adriatic sea?
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forest cover as %age of total area of state arranged in descending order. The Env website just mentions namewise, which is very cumbersome to memorize trend. So I made it into excel sheet sorting. Here it is:

Lakshadweep

90.33

Mizoram

85.41

A & N Islands

81.74

Arunachal Pradesh

79.63

Meghalaya

76.33

Manipur

75.46

Nagaland

75.31

Tripura

73.68

Goa

60.43

Kerala

54.42

Sikkim

47.1

Uttarakhand

45.44

Dadra & Nagar Haveli

42.16

Chhattisgarh

41.13

J&K

39.66

Assam

36.11

Odisha

33.15

Jharkhand

29.62

Himachal Pradesh

27.72

Madhya Pradesh

25.14

Tamil Nadu

20.27

Karnataka

20.11

Chandigarh

19.32

West Bengal

19.04

Daman & Diu

18.46

Telangana

18.36

Andhra Pradesh

17.88

Maharashtra

16.5

Delhi

13.18

Puducherry

10.7

Bihar

7.76

Gujarat

7.57

Uttar Pradesh

6.15

Rajasthan

4.86

Punjab

3.67

Haryana

3.62

Ladakh

1.47

 

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@Purplesunbird Rural-dual, urban-only RBI


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@hihihihihi D....3 and 4 are mutually contradictory


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Functional chromosomes can be created by joining segments of DNA taken from cells of different species.(UPSC 2019)

This statement is incorrect. But arent all GM crops created by joining DNA segments of different species? Bacteria and plant are different species. 

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@Hououin_Kyouma At first I was bamboozled why everyone is suddenly talking about Pandita Ramabai in mocks, coachings, forum etc. Then I googled, and found that Hindu has an article on her in April. Toh shaant hogya mein, ki Hindu mein aa gya hai toh ratto :D


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@Dalinar Yes....2 conditions hain....something to do with Indian subsidiary of foreign company and other is Indian holding 50% shares......


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UPSC 2018

If the President of India exercises his power as provided under Article 356 of the Constitution of a particular State, then

(a) the Assembly of the State is automatically dissolved.

(b) the powers of the Legislature of that State shall be exercisable by or under the authority of the Parliament.

(c) Article 19 is suspended in that State.

(d) the President can make laws relating to that State.

Why is (a) and (d) wrong? Answer is (b), which is true obviously. But (a) and (d) also seem true.....where is the catch?

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@Pam123 Ok...understood (a). But for (d), this is what article 357 says:
357. Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356.—(1) Where by a Proclamation issued under clause (1) of article 356, it has been declared that the powers of the Legislature of the State shall be exercisable by or under the authority of Parliament, it shall be competent—
(a) for Parliament to confer on the President the power of the Legislature of the State to make laws, and to authorise the President to delegate, subject to such conditions as he may think fit to impose, the power so conferred to any other authority to be specified by him in that behalf;


Doesnt this complex legal jargon mean what is said in option (d)-That President can make laws relating to state.  In Laxmi also this is mentioned. 

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@maggiie B it is. I don't know about examrobot. But this is a real googly. Fort William College was established by "Richard" Wellesley, not his brother "Arthur" Wellesley. UPSC really playing with us here lol....


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Anyone know a good mnemonic/memory trick to remember the capitals of all the "stans" in Central Asia.....??
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Just 3 clarifications

1. Habitat Rights to PVTG are granted by Tribal Affairs ministry under FRA,  irrespective of anywhere they are...inside a national park, WS or tiger reserve?

2. Home Affairs ministry decides categorization of PVTG?

3. Critical Tiger Habitat is defined under WPA while Critical Wildlife Habitat is defined under FRA. Whats the implication of this statement?

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Nagarjunasagar is the largest tiger reserve, so it also has the largest critical tiger habitat under it? Is that seedha seedha logic?
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@Celeborn You must be really good at those pattern type questions in CSAT lol .......


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@sjerngal Central Govt. Additional:
  • According toArticle 262of the Constitution,Parliament may by lawprovide for the adjudication of a water dispute over inter-state rivers.
  • Parliament has enacted theInter State River Water Dispute Act, 1956in this regard, according to whichCentral government may set up a tribunal, on therequest of state government, for the adjudication of above such dispute, whose decision isfinal and bindingon both parties


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@captainhaddock While you are correct in arriving at the answer, a small logical correction. The formulae that you mentioned calculate "amount" and not the interest itself. It did not matter in this case because they asked difference. Principal just cancels out. But, for eg, if they had asked ratio then it would have mattered and your answer would have gone wrong, since the question is asking about difference in CI, SI and not in the "amounts" of CI, SI. So, correct way would be:
CI= 8615.125 - 8000 = 615.125
SI= 8600 - 8000 = 600
Now, CI - SI = 15.125
in case they ask ratio it would be 615.125/600 and here you can see the difference in answers coming.


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@Shailputri definitely a...the aim is economiv dev, it may happen or not is totally different debate. secondly, borrowing money to repay loans cant be a sustainable long term aim. 


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Constitution contains no qualifications/eligibilities to become a minister?
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Which crop are strictly kharif or strictly rabi? I searched online and it seems even rice is both rabi and kharif. Context is 2020 question-black gram is both cultivated as rabi and kharif. Please anyone clarify
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@Purplesunbird I didnt even know that....never read in so much detail if green gram is more than 50% or not. And most coachings while giving answer keys confused between "green gram" (which is moong bean) having only 10% of production, with "gram" which is chickpea with 50% production. So I would say even knowing this much is too much depth, isnt it??


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@Purplesunbird Lol...here's why. Reverse logic se chana shouldn't be 50% of pulse production. But it does. So thats why..


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@AyeRamadhir Also an addition, a simple observation based. Since viruses can travel through air, or clothes, furniture etc (COVID related instructions) , it shows there isnt a need for biological vector. It can spread through non biological (air, wood etc) also. But, Malaria for eg, doesnt travel through air, person must be bitten by the anopheles mosquito to get infected. So, malaria can be spread by biological vector only. I hope i am right in this logic


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@AureliusM i think there are two...1908 and 1920. 1920 wala was a special session


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is wallet allowed inside?
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