[Results] Prelims 2020 Over - Gearing for 2021

dev_kurmi12857said

No predujices only rational insight , don't no why I am sharing this , but I have spend last night 5 hours to study each article again from the sources and got these answers . (Ps study mains this I did after completing my daily targets ) 

1.Labour RC answer d

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/social-sector-investment-political-stability-economic-growth-central-to-the-market-4468547/

2.rt to privacy answer a

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/privacy-in-the-digital-age/article19446279.ece

3. Wetland answer c

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Missing-the-wetlands-for-the-water/article14386344.ece

4. Asset answer A

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/asset-allocation-is-key-to-good-investing/articleshow/56176386.cms

5. Foreign investment volatility answer B

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/The-foreign-hand-isn’t-enough/article14626733.ece

6. River interlinking answer A

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-water-crisis-drought-marathwada-latur-water-train-2771756/

7. Economic freedom answer c

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/why-go-to-school/article19589300.ece

8. Urban body frst part answer A second part B

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/water-tankers-delhi-scam-maharashtra-urban-local-bodies-cities-at-crossroads-theres-no-such-thing-as-free-water-2867685/

9. 85% agriculture first part c second part D

https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/for-rural-transformation-heres-what-india-must-focus-on/412413/

10. Spanish ship answer D

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2011/07/food-ark/

11. Children malnutrition answer B

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/toi-edit-page/a-cost-we-cant-afford-the-human-and-economic-costs-of-malnutrition-and-how-india-can-end-this-scourge/

12.pusa arhar answer C

https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/cea-arvind-subramanian-unveils-delhi-pollution-fighter-the-humble-arhar-dal/441682/

13. Dam monsoon answer is D

Why d ? And not c 

From the editorial 

Authorities always look to store the maximum amount of water in reservoirs during the monsoon season, which is then used for irrigation and generation of electricity during the summer months.....

However, it is unfortunate that the maximum amount of water is stored in reservoirs even before the close of the monsoon, only to ensure greater electricity generation and irrigation....

The tendency to hold the maximum amount of water in our reservoirs while ignoring the high risk involved in doing so can be attributed to our over-dependence on hydel projects to produce electricity

. 

So not only before but also during the monsoon storage capacity should not be fully used .and also verbatim over independence on hydropower projects . So D is 100% correct answer.

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/how-dams-can-control-floods/article24794603.ece

14. Bank credit growth answer C

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/credit-growth-bank-credit-commercial-banks-rbi-3086851/

15. Genome editing answer C

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/eu-may-restrict-genome-editing-of-crops-scientists/article6238640.ece

16. Solid waste answer C

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/cant-sweep-it-under-the-carpet-waste-management-in-india-3053381/

17. Religious freedom answer B

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/anand-margi-triple-talaq-religious-custom-constitutional-freedom-3736042/

18 biotech regulation first part answer  D second part C 

203888898-Genetically-Modifi-Ed-Crops-Policy-Logjam.pdf

Why d and not b 

Need for Public Engagement

Over the years, many organisations in-

cluding the Royal Society of the United 

Kingdom (UK) have called for engage-

ment with the public on S&T issues so 

that the public’s perceptions and under-

standing of S&T are understood by policy-

makers. It has been pointed out that the 

idea that the public needs only educa-

tion to be convinced and that better 

communication would do this no longer 

holds good. Public engagement has to be 

differentiated from one-way communi-

cation, public relations exercises, or 

marketing 

So public engagement is there 

Now about political executive 

..

Principles for Regulation

Regulation of biotechnology is an evolv-

ing process and there is always a need 

to compare domestic regulations with 

best practices elsewhere and enhancing 

the capacity to regulate. Similarly, the 

regulation of a technology cannot be 

determined by a single principle but 

would need the application of more than 

one principle depending on the need 

and context. For example, environmental 

regulation cannot be based solely on the 

precautionary principle, or the “polluter 

pays” principle. Rather, what is required 

is a carefully developed regulatory policy 

based on various relevant principles and 

their application in specifi c contexts.

In that sense, biotechnology regulation 

has come a long way since the late 1980s 

and early 1990s when biotechno logy reg-

ulation was taking shape. In fact, over the 

years the global regulation of biotechnol-

ogy and national regulatory policies has 

undergone a sea change on account of 

various factors but there is no harmonisa-

tion at the global level. According to a 

study on global regulation of biotech-

nology, as many as 15 institutions are rel-

evant for biotechnology regulation while 

many conventions/treaties/protocols are 

also applicable in biotechnology regu-

lation (Rhodes 2010). For example, the 

Cartagena Protocol on Bio safety has 

many provisions that are d irectly relevant 

for the regulation of b iotechnology. Of 

these, Article 26 is important as it enables 

countries to take into account socio-eco-

nomic aspects in decision-making. How-

ever, there is no consensus on putting it to 

practice and besides the usual United 

States and European Union divide, there 

is a wide variance in putting it to practice 

among developing countries.

Political executive as a verbatim is not given but regulations like Cartagena protocol needs ratification by poltical executive 

So answer is D 100% 

19. Economic liberalisation first part C or A ( only doubt in Rc I have ) 

second part D 

 

First part 1. Statement is verbatim 

  ......the article argues that it 

is absolutely essential to rethink and redefi ne the economic 

role of the state in the quest for development. 

2nd statement  not a verbatim but I read the whole pdf and what I concluded that govt has not effectively implemented the policies after 1991 reforms and investment in social sectors , but since verbatim is not there so upsc can go in both direction , statement may be correct or incorrect so. Answer ( A or C ) first part .

2nd part  very logical 

And also verbatim 

....

Jobless Growth, Persistent Poverty, Rising Inequality

The fi rst persistent crisis is the phenomenon of jobless growth. 

The biggest failure of the past 25 years is that, despite such 

rapid economic growth, employment creation has simply not 

been commensurate. In fact, the employment elasticity of output 

declined steadily from reasonably high levels during 1972–73 

to 1983 (0.60) through modest levels during 1983 to 1993–94 

(0.41), .........

The second persistent crisis is that poverty persists on a large scale even after three decades of the most rapid economic growth, faster than anywhere in the developing world, as also in history, except for China. Of course, growth has helped bring about a signifi cant reduction in absolute poverty. Yet, its 

incidence remains high. In 2011–12, at least 25%, possibly 30%, Of 1.2 billion people live in absolute poverty below the critical minimum in terms of food and clothing. These are the peren-

nial poor. If we were to use a higher poverty line that allows 

for other basic needs such as appropriate shelter, adequate healthcare and education, it is estimated that about 75% of the population lives in absolute poverty. 

So 2nd part answer  D 100%

351639521-Liberalisation-by-Deepak-Nayyar.pdf20

20. gas renewables

 

First part C  , verbatim 

......However, he also warned against investing too heavily in renewable energy at a time when the technology is not yet ready.

“You have to bring renewables at the right time so you aren’t trying to bring them to market before they are actually ready,” 

 So C is 100% correct 

Part 2 

1st statement verbatim 

certain renewables are still going through their cost curves and learning curves to get the required amount of output and to jump into it too big too soon leads to inefficient subsidies.”

2nd statement verbatim 

...The Indian government has strongly committed to its targets of reducing emissions by 33 per cent by 2030, as set out during the COP21 summit in Paris, and towards this it has initiated a strong push towards a gas-based economy and has also invested heavily in renewable energy.

 

Though gas is not sole basis for renewable energy but 2nd statement doesn't use extreme word like only on th basis of gas based economy so 2nd statement is 100% correct .

So  Answer is C 100% correct .

https://www.thehindu.com/business/time-to-leave-history-of-coal-behind/article16793939.ece#!

dev_kurmi12857said

No predujices only rational insight , don't no why I am sharing this , but I have spend last night 5 hours to study each article again from the sources and got these answers . (Ps study mains this I did after completing my daily targets ) 

1.Labour RC answer d

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/social-sector-investment-political-stability-economic-growth-central-to-the-market-4468547/

2.rt to privacy answer a

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/privacy-in-the-digital-age/article19446279.ece

3. Wetland answer c

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Missing-the-wetlands-for-the-water/article14386344.ece

4. Asset answer A

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/asset-allocation-is-key-to-good-investing/articleshow/56176386.cms

5. Foreign investment volatility answer B

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/The-foreign-hand-isn’t-enough/article14626733.ece

6. River interlinking answer A

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-water-crisis-drought-marathwada-latur-water-train-2771756/

7. Economic freedom answer c

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/why-go-to-school/article19589300.ece

8. Urban body frst part answer A second part B

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/water-tankers-delhi-scam-maharashtra-urban-local-bodies-cities-at-crossroads-theres-no-such-thing-as-free-water-2867685/

9. 85% agriculture first part c second part D

https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/for-rural-transformation-heres-what-india-must-focus-on/412413/

10. Spanish ship answer D

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2011/07/food-ark/

11. Children malnutrition answer B

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/toi-edit-page/a-cost-we-cant-afford-the-human-and-economic-costs-of-malnutrition-and-how-india-can-end-this-scourge/

12.pusa arhar answer C

https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/cea-arvind-subramanian-unveils-delhi-pollution-fighter-the-humble-arhar-dal/441682/

13. Dam monsoon answer is D

Why d ? And not c 

From the editorial 

Authorities always look to store the maximum amount of water in reservoirs during the monsoon season, which is then used for irrigation and generation of electricity during the summer months.....

However, it is unfortunate that the maximum amount of water is stored in reservoirs even before the close of the monsoon, only to ensure greater electricity generation and irrigation....

The tendency to hold the maximum amount of water in our reservoirs while ignoring the high risk involved in doing so can be attributed to our over-dependence on hydel projects to produce electricity

. 

So not only before but also during the monsoon storage capacity should not be fully used .and also verbatim over independence on hydropower projects . So D is 100% correct answer.

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/how-dams-can-control-floods/article24794603.ece

14. Bank credit growth answer C

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/credit-growth-bank-credit-commercial-banks-rbi-3086851/

15. Genome editing answer C

https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/eu-may-restrict-genome-editing-of-crops-scientists/article6238640.ece

16. Solid waste answer C

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/cant-sweep-it-under-the-carpet-waste-management-in-india-3053381/

17. Religious freedom answer B

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/anand-margi-triple-talaq-religious-custom-constitutional-freedom-3736042/

18 biotech regulation first part answer  D second part C 

203888898-Genetically-Modifi-Ed-Crops-Policy-Logjam.pdf

Why d and not b 

Need for Public Engagement

Over the years, many organisations in-

cluding the Royal Society of the United 

Kingdom (UK) have called for engage-

ment with the public on S&T issues so 

that the public’s perceptions and under-

standing of S&T are understood by policy-

makers. It has been pointed out that the 

idea that the public needs only educa-

tion to be convinced and that better 

communication would do this no longer 

holds good. Public engagement has to be 

differentiated from one-way communi-

cation, public relations exercises, or 

marketing 

So public engagement is there 

Now about political executive 

..

Principles for Regulation

Regulation of biotechnology is an evolv-

ing process and there is always a need 

to compare domestic regulations with 

best practices elsewhere and enhancing 

the capacity to regulate. Similarly, the 

regulation of a technology cannot be 

determined by a single principle but 

would need the application of more than 

one principle depending on the need 

and context. For example, environmental 

regulation cannot be based solely on the 

precautionary principle, or the “polluter 

pays” principle. Rather, what is required 

is a carefully developed regulatory policy 

based on various relevant principles and 

their application in specifi c contexts.

In that sense, biotechnology regulation 

has come a long way since the late 1980s 

and early 1990s when biotechno logy reg-

ulation was taking shape. In fact, over the 

years the global regulation of biotechnol-

ogy and national regulatory policies has 

undergone a sea change on account of 

various factors but there is no harmonisa-

tion at the global level. According to a 

study on global regulation of biotech-

nology, as many as 15 institutions are rel-

evant for biotechnology regulation while 

many conventions/treaties/protocols are 

also applicable in biotechnology regu-

lation (Rhodes 2010). For example, the 

Cartagena Protocol on Bio safety has 

many provisions that are d irectly relevant 

for the regulation of b iotechnology. Of 

these, Article 26 is important as it enables 

countries to take into account socio-eco-

nomic aspects in decision-making. How-

ever, there is no consensus on putting it to 

practice and besides the usual United 

States and European Union divide, there 

is a wide variance in putting it to practice 

among developing countries.

Political executive as a verbatim is not given but regulations like Cartagena protocol needs ratification by poltical executive 

So answer is D 100% 

19. Economic liberalisation first part C or A ( only doubt in Rc I have ) 

second part D 

 

First part 1. Statement is verbatim 

  ......the article argues that it 

is absolutely essential to rethink and redefi ne the economic 

role of the state in the quest for development. 

2nd statement  not a verbatim but I read the whole pdf and what I concluded that govt has not effectively implemented the policies after 1991 reforms and investment in social sectors , but since verbatim is not there so upsc can go in both direction , statement may be correct or incorrect so. Answer ( A or C ) first part .

2nd part  very logical 

And also verbatim 

....

Jobless Growth, Persistent Poverty, Rising Inequality

The fi rst persistent crisis is the phenomenon of jobless growth. 

The biggest failure of the past 25 years is that, despite such 

rapid economic growth, employment creation has simply not 

been commensurate. In fact, the employment elasticity of output 

declined steadily from reasonably high levels during 1972–73 

to 1983 (0.60) through modest levels during 1983 to 1993–94 

(0.41), .........

The second persistent crisis is that poverty persists on a large scale even after three decades of the most rapid economic growth, faster than anywhere in the developing world, as also in history, except for China. Of course, growth has helped bring about a signifi cant reduction in absolute poverty. Yet, its 

incidence remains high. In 2011–12, at least 25%, possibly 30%, Of 1.2 billion people live in absolute poverty below the critical minimum in terms of food and clothing. These are the peren-

nial poor. If we were to use a higher poverty line that allows 

for other basic needs such as appropriate shelter, adequate healthcare and education, it is estimated that about 75% of the population lives in absolute poverty. 

So 2nd part answer  D 100%

351639521-Liberalisation-by-Deepak-Nayyar.pdf20

20. gas renewables

 

First part C  , verbatim 

......However, he also warned against investing too heavily in renewable energy at a time when the technology is not yet ready.

“You have to bring renewables at the right time so you aren’t trying to bring them to market before they are actually ready,” 

 So C is 100% correct 

Part 2 

1st statement verbatim 

certain renewables are still going through their cost curves and learning curves to get the required amount of output and to jump into it too big too soon leads to inefficient subsidies.”

2nd statement verbatim 

...The Indian government has strongly committed to its targets of reducing emissions by 33 per cent by 2030, as set out during the COP21 summit in Paris, and towards this it has initiated a strong push towards a gas-based economy and has also invested heavily in renewable energy.

 

Though gas is not sole basis for renewable energy but 2nd statement doesn't use extreme word like only on th basis of gas based economy so 2nd statement is 100% correct .

So  Answer is C 100% correct .

https://www.thehindu.com/business/time-to-leave-history-of-coal-behind/article16793939.ece#!