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Doubt Clearance Thread: UPSC 2021

"When in doubt, observe and ask questions. When certain, observe at length and ask many more questions."

Created this thread as a one stop solution for all members so that all the doubts wherein any conceptual clarification is required can be solved here. 

jack_Sparrow,curious_kidand122 otherslike this
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4.2k comments

Does increase in aerosol effect cloud formation? 
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Freakhotosaid

Does increase in aerosol effect cloud formation? 

Yes. The more aerosol particles, the more cloud droplets. 

AzadHindFauz,
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@dragon_rider but vision says decrease in cloud cover!! 


2.7k views

dragon_ridersaid

Freakhotosaid

Does increase in aerosol effect cloud formation? 

Yes. The more aerosol particles, the more cloud droplets. 

Also, with more aerosols, the reflective characteristic of the clouds is enhanced =>they reflect more Sunlight. (Asked in Pre'19)

More rainfall with more droplets + Less Sunlight reaches the Earth =>Global cooling type situation.

BD,
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@AzadHindFauz but vision says cloud cover get decrease and stability is achieved! 


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Freakhotosaid

@dragon_rider but vision says decrease in cloud cover!! 


Context could be different. If aerosols absorb most of the Sunlight, they will prevent cloud formation. 
But, in general, the generally accepted version as per my knowledge is that aerosol provide the surface for the vapour and act as their condensation nuclei.

Could you please share the context in which it was mentioned?


Found an article on this- https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/aerosols-affect-cloud-cover-says-study-8280


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Can state govt take loans from outside India ..eg world bank etc ... or need centre permission..??? How does it work?
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@Freakhoto Look at the link that was shared. It depends on the aerosols ability to absorb light. If it absorbs more light, less cloud formation and if it absorbs less light, then more cloud formation.
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@dragon_rider so both effect can be there! 


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@Piku25 Yes they can. They have to provide a guarantee and the Central govt. will provide a counter-guarantee. That is, if the states aren't able to pay, the Centre will pay. It is only available to state governments and not state entities. Also, state government must be financially viable for it to take loans. I think it's restricted to infrastructure projects though i'm not sure about this last point. 


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@dragon_rider when aerosols increases less cloud formation and less aerosols more cloud formation!!??? Isn't it??? 
@AzadHindFauz am I on the right lines now? 


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@Freakhoto It's not that black and white. See more aerosols would generally mean more clouds because aerosols (which are just particles) provide the nuclei around which cloud particles form. But this is ONLY if we are considering it from this point. In reality other factors like the ability of the aerosol to absorb light (as explained in the study) would also affect cloud formation. So the statement that an increase in aerosols would cause less cloud formation and vice-versa would not be correct in all conditions. 


Patootie,
3.4k views

Freakhotosaid

@dragon_rider when aerosols increases less cloud formation and less aerosols more cloud formation!!??? Isn't it??? 
@AzadHindFauz am I on the right lines now? 


Not necessarily. It depends on a lot of factors. Think of it this way. In the night, the absence of sunlight would mean a more pronounced effect of condensation and hence, clouds formation. In daytime, despite their abundance, aerosols might perform the activity of absorption more. Even the vapour droplets need a conducive temperature for condensation. Sunlight would deter both!

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@AzadHindFauz now we think we are going too far haha😂😂. So it can both effect pe hi ruk jate hai haha


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But in official site of wii india it is not given... 

Do you have any idea@AzadHindFauz @dragon_rider ? 

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Piku25said

Can state govt take loans from outside India ..eg world bank etc ... or need centre permission..??? How does it work?

Yes but limited to infrastructure projects only. Article 293 grants Centre the power to modify the policies of borrowings by state. 

Piku25,
2.6k views

Freakhotosaid

Does increase in aerosol effect cloud formation? 

Will entirely depends on the type of aerosol. For example, those volcanic aerosols which are reflective and can form nuclei easily will help in cloud formation. On the other hand, aerosols like black soot will lead to positive feedback leading to the dispersion of the clouds. But if you encounter such a question in the real exam, mark on "it will increase clouds" avoiding hairsplitting.  

BD,
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Answer dupliex hona chahiye na? 

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