PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Statutory & Constitutional Bodies

“The success of electoral democracy can partly be attributed to the status and role of the Election Commission of India.” Explain.

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 world’s largest elections in a poor, diverse society → trust traced to one institution → Article 324 status

Route 2 ECI not a government department but a constitutional authority → independence (Seshan case) → standing to act against power

Body flow

Article 324 status → SC-level rank + equal Commissioners (Seshan v. Union) → core functions (rolls, schedules, parties, symbols, expenditure, MCC) → Seshan / Gill / Lyngdoh: conductor → regulatory referee → modernisation (EVM / VVPAT / NOTA / EPIC / SVEEP) → reaching marginalised voters → Khilnani: link between state and society → Quraishi: An Undocumented Wonder

Counter-view

“partly” is honest → voters’ own commitment also sustains democracy → institution incomplete: opaque appointments (Ambedkar’s fear), staff dependence, weak Model Code enforcement

Conclusion routes

Route 1 status + role a central, not sole, cause of success

Route 2 strengthening autonomy preserves ECI as guardian of that success

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2021, Statutory & Constitutional Bodies