Discuss the future prospects of Indo-Nepal relations in the context of the recent publication of new Nepalese map wrongly claiming Indian territory.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Route 1 2020 map as reply to Nov 2019 map + Dharchula–Lipulekh road → written into the constitution → claim placed beyond any one government → prospects = management, not early settlement
Route 2 boundary unsettled since Sugauli 1816 → 2020 map converts an old ambiguity into a fixed national position → question becomes where the claim is argued, not who wins it
Sugauli 1816, Kali source undefined → both readings arguable → politics turns ambiguity into quarrel → Muni: 2015 coercion builds anti-India nationalism → Dixit: map as Oli’s reply to the blockade → 2026 verdict, Oli defeated → Shah in Parliament: encroachment both ways, experts to examine → Dixit: Limpiyadhura silent in the campaign → dispute moving from platform to table
claim not withdrawn → Lipulekh pilgrimage route still protested → China available as leverage
Route 1 Chellaney: geography leaves no substitute for India → steady, unsentimental ties, negotiation carried by interdependence
Route 2 settlement unlikely soon → success measured by keeping the map inside expert talks and out of election politics
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
