How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 fair chances to develop ability + compete → liberal idea of initial conditions, not outcomes → level playing field R2 equality of opportunity = non-discrimination in access → but meaning splits between formal and substantive
Body flow
competitive form: equal start → positions by ability → meritocracy, unequal outcomes accepted if fair → limit: assumes level field where none exists → Roemer’s non-discrimination vs level-playing-field principle → non-competitive form linked with justice → Rawls (fair equality of opportunity + difference principle) → Sen (equal resources ~ real access)
Counter-view
competitive meritocracy treats fair competition as enough vs justice-based view that unequal starting conditions must be corrected first
Conclusion routes
R1 real equality of opportunity must remove social, economic and cultural barriers R2 move from equal rules to fair conditions; opportunity completed only when access is substantive
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
