PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · Contemporary Global Concerns — II
Why does global human security need to be emphasised along with economic security? Explain with examples.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
@) security once state + military → Buzan: environment + human welfare now core → referent shifts state → individual R1 human security = safety from chronic threats + sudden disruptions → economic base necessary, but material well-being # dignity/safety/freedom → hence emphasise alongside
Body flow
economic security necessary but not sufficient → growth coexists with violence, exclusion, rights violations (income figures hide insecurity) → non- traditional threats bind both (Caballero-Anthony: economic + food + health + human + energy security, non-military sources) → climate / degradation / migration hit livelihoods + safety together → examples: Horn of Africa displacement + food insecurity, Pakistan floods, pandemics (health + economy) → gendered burden: women/girls at conflict-climate intersection → threats transnational → no single state secures alone → SDGs frame poverty /inequality/health/environment as connected
Counter-view
older state-centric, growth-as-sufficient view → corrected: material growth can mask violence, exclusion and lived insecurity
Conclusion routes
R1 durable security needs both economic well-being + wider human-security protections G@ R1 neither alone suffices → economic and human security as two faces of one non-traditional agenda
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
