How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Route 1 Dworkin’s trumps image → rights shield the individual against majority calculation
Route 2 Taking Rights Seriously → “rights as political trumps” → fundamental rights override collective interest
meaning of a trump → priority of the right over the good → rejection of greatest-happiness utilitarianism → rights protect dignity / autonomy → moral (not merely constitutional) rights against government → Rawls parallel → society must not always balance in its own favour → Dworkin’s narrow exceptions
Greene: the frame cannot handle conflicts between genuine rights → Costa Neto: trumping and balancing are complementary → no right is absolute
Route 1 rights as trumps secure the individual, but the metaphor strains when rights collide
Route 2 strong rights, yet not absolute → trumping tempered by balancing
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
