PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Power, Authority & Legitimacy

Write on the Linkage between Power and Hegemony.

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 Power not only coercion → also works through consent → that consensual face is hegemony

Route 2 Dahl’s overt “power over” → but the deepest power shapes consent → Gramsci names this hegemony

Body flow

Gramsci links power & hegemony → supremacy in two modes: domination + intellectual and moral leadership → political society = coercion / civil society = consent → ruling-class worldview becomes common sense → unequal order seems just → power exercised with consent = hegemony → matches Lukes’ third dimension (shapes beliefs, not just actions) → most durable, explains why unequal order survives

Counter-view

Hegemony never complete → must be constantly renewed → contestable through a slow war of position

Conclusion routes

Route 1 Hegemony is power’s deepest, most durable face → rule rests on belief, not force

Route 2 Power as hegemony = domination so secure it no longer needs coercion

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2024, Power, Authority & Legitimacy