PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Power, Authority & Legitimacy

Examine the nature and meaning of power.

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 Power = central concept of politics (“money of economics”) meaning settled, nature contested

Route 2 Lasswell: shaping & sharing of power politics = acquisition / exercise / resistance meaning vs nature

Body flow

Meaning = capacity to produce intended effects Dahl + Weber (“power over”) two presumptions: individual + domination nature challenges both Coser’s two traditions (Weber domination / Parsons facility) Arendt: acting in concert, enabling structural loci: Marx (class) / feminists (patriarchy) / Foucault (discourse) Lukes’ three dimensions: decision-making agenda-setting thought-control (Gramsci hegemony) least observable

Counter-view

Against the Dahl-Weber individual-and-domination reading: power as collective and enabling (Arendt), as structural (Marx, feminist, Foucault), and as hidden/ideological (Lukes, Gramsci)

Conclusion routes

Route 1 Power is many-sided: “over” and “to”, visible and hidden — more than command

Route 2 Meaning stable (capacity for effects); nature plural and contested across agent, locus and visibility

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2020, Power, Authority & Legitimacy