PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · Key Concepts in International Relations
Why does global human security need to be emphasized along with economic security? Explain with examples.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 traditional /economic security is state- and income-centred → human security shifts the referent to the individual (freedom from fear, want, indignity) → the two are not interchangeable * R2 a country can grow and guard its borders yet its people stay unsafe → income # dignity or safety → human security must sit alongside economic security
Body flow
referent shift (state → individual) → Truong: economically secure states, insecure people → working-woman example (earns well, faces harassment) → comprehensive dimensions (economic/food /health /environmental /personal /community/political) → Buzan’s interconnected sectors (threat in one spreads) → Tickner’s feminist critique + “security paradox” → shift “freedom from fear” → “freedom from want” → global examples (COVID/health, Syria /societal, Rohingya/political, climate/environmental)
Counter-view
realist caution: over-stretched concept risks meaninglessness; state resources finite; raises false expectations
Conclusion routes
-s R1 balance: human security complements, not replaces, economic security * R2 economic security safeguards the aggregate, human security safeguards the person → both needed together
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
