PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Political Ideologies
Comment on the “Revolution in Permanence”. [150 words]
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
G) Stagist orthodoxy in Marxism → question: must revolution halt at bourgeois-democratic stage? | R2 | Marx-Engels coined the phrase → Trotsky gave it systematic theory
Body flow
Stagism rejected → uneven and combined development → bourgeois-democratic revolution passes into socialist revolution in unbroken chain → world-system logic → Russian Revolution must spread — human emancipation, not just state seizure
Counter-view
Soviet failure revealed limits → Mao echoed the idea but outcomes remained bounded by national conditions
Conclusion routes
R1 Revolution in Permanence as theoretical corrective to mechanical Marxism Its core insight — revolution must be continuous and global — remains the most unresolved challenge in socialist politics
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
