Discuss the relevance of the demand for New
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Route 1 1974 Declaration → one claim: rules framed before Southern independence → form changed, grievance unchanged
Route 2 the five asks (sovereign equality, decision-making, policy space, TNC regulation, technology) → globalisation as the new setting → relevance is about the ground, not the wording
finance first: IMF 16th Review (Dec 2023), quotas +50%, shares untouched, realignment deferred → Engel & Mabefam: voice + resource flows recur from NAM → G20 → Bridgetown; response slow, aims unmet → trade: unfinished Doha (agriculture, SDT, public stockholding) = policy space today → technology: TRIPS waiver = sharpest North-South line → corporate power: Raja Mohan (states cannot regulate MNCs) → Mikler (value-chain control; free trade ≠ free markets) → NIEO’s regulation demand still missing
Bhagwati: trading system delivers markets, investment, technology → Happymon Jacob: integration diluted the collective agenda; NAM’s decline removed the vehicle
Route 1 demand survives in narrower form → rule-reform + new instruments (AIIB, NDB, DPI)
Route 2 inter-country gaps widened → equity case stronger, not weaker
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
Also asked on this head
India and the Global South — 8 questions in the Vault.
- Discuss some of the key drivers of India’s new interests in Africa which might help in developing long-term comparative advantage over China.
- Discuss the potential role that India could play as the leader of the Global South in realising the goal of
- “Nothing is going to move within the WTO negotiations unless India is on board.’ Discuss the main reasons behind India’s increased clout in the WTO.
How this is taught
The same flow snapshot, built for every head of the syllabus, with the answer written in class.
The first session of Foundation 2027 is published in full.
Six programmes across three levels.