PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · India & the Global South
“Nothing is going to move within the WTO negotiations unless India is on board.’ Discuss the main reasons behind India’s increased clout in the WTO.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 consensus rule + seat in the inner circle > the rule is old, the Seat is recent R2 any member can block = only India’s block halts the organisation > what changed is position, not procedure
Body flow
Hopewell, 2004 = Brazil and India displace Japan and Canada > old Quad becomes US / EU / Brazil / India + market + coalitions + G20 agriculture, G33 food security > Narlikar: punching above weight > TRIPS waiver with South Africa, 2020, eighteen months
Counter-view
the strength is the strength to refuse ~ Yaounde, March 2026, India alone against 165 of 166 on investment facilitation + public stockholding still undelivered since Bali 2013 + D’Souza: leverage, not principle
Conclusion routes
R1 can hold the organisation still + moving it is another matter heii §=R2 veto secured, rule-making not yet — the clout is real but one-directional
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
