PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · India & the UN System
Analyze the recent trends in India’s role in the UN peacekeeping operations. (2019/15 marks)
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 largest all-time contributor — recent story is quality, not quantity — specialised + tech + gender service R2 “recent trends” = how India contributes has changed — bulk infantry gives way to niche capability, technology, women-led roles
Body flow
Specialisation (engineers, medics, aviation, trainers — Nambiar; high-risk African missions, South Sudan / DR Congo — Kanwal) — technology (UNITE AWARE + UN DPO; Jaishankar “protecting the protectors”; MP-IDSA — technology-contributing country; 2025 Berlin pledges — QRF, counter-IED, K-9) — gender leadership (first all-women FPU Liberia 2007 — 150+ women in Congo / South Sudan / Lebanon / Golan; 2025 Global South women’s conference, Delhi) ~ normative push (Resolution 2589 — accountability for crimes against peacekeepers)
Counter-view
Gowan & Singh: habit not strategy → goodwill + influence → active-deployment rank now behind Nepal & Bangladesh
Conclusion routes
R1 C, Raja Mohan: beyond troops to training, logistics, mediation, tech — convert specialised service into a decisive voice in mandate-making 2 recent trends mark India as reformer, not just responder — field credibility must become agenda-setting influence
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
