PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Social Movements
Comment on Women’s role in anti-arrack movement.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
ERI Locate: AP, early 1990s, a rural women’s uprising → born in Dubagunta, Nellore from the routes National Literacy Campaign —. women name arrack → women as central actors, private grievance.. public struggle. | R2 | Open on agency: unlettered rural women, no political experience -. move household suffering into political action → force the state to act → the “comment” weighs the significance of that leadership.
Body flow
Literacy-campaign origin → women link alcohol to domestic violence / financial ruin / social itm §€=6breakdown.. forms of action (marches, picketing, night patrols, sit-ins, processions, brewing material destroyed, fines) → opponents: liquor contractors + the state’s Varun Vahini → feminist reading: Tharu & Lalitha (patriarchy at home + in public) → Mazumdar (rural women changing policy = a turning point) -. ‘the personal is the political.
Counter-view
Weigh the mismatch: inexperienced, unlettered rural women vs powerful liquor contractors + the view state’s own Varun Vahini patronage.. that ordinary women overturned this nexus is what makes their role significant.
Conclusion routes
€39 Outcome: CM Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy bans arrack, 1 Oct 1993. women without formal routes power reshaped state policy. | R2 Close on scale: one of the largest women-led agitations against the state → women as agents of grassroots democracy.
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
