PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Indian Political Thought
Comment on M.K. Gandhi’s concept of Swaraj in 150 words.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 Swaraj as the core of Gandhi’s thought → far more than freedom from British rule R2 swa (self) + raj (rule) → rule over oneself before political independence
Body flow
Rae rejects mere transfer of power (English rule without the Englishman) → real Swaraj = capacity of all to resist abused authority, not office for afew → multidimensional: political / economic / social / cultural / spiritual → Dalton: inner freedom grounds outer freedom → practical shape: Gram Swaraj, khadi, Swadeshi, constructive programme
Counter-view
unlike Tilak → political freedom without social reform (Hindu- Muslim unity, end of untouchability) is incomplete
Conclusion routes
R1 Swaraj as civilisational alternative, not a mere change of rulers =e rR2 Swaraj as the path to Ramrajya → people's sovereignty, welfare of the last person
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
