PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · Approaches to International Relations
In what ways does the functionalist approach in international relations help in maintaining peace and order in global politics?
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 high politics keeps failing to secure peace → Mitrany's "peace by pieces" → order Intro routes built from below, not imposed 2 peace as the outcome of cooperation on shared needs → function precedes politics
Body flow
“form follows function" → cooperate first on technical tasks (trade / health / Body flow environment), done better together → trust built, conflict-potential reduced, expert- led start on least-contested ground → cooperation generates institutions → IOs + specialised agencies (WHO / ICAO / WMO) as forums for dialogue, negotiation, dispute resolution → norm-setting, aggressive nationalism curbed, non-state actors (NGOs / MNCs), wider global identity → Haas: neo-functionalism + spillover → interdependence deepens → political integration → EU (Coal & Steel), India-Pakistan Composite Dialogue → dense economic ties deter conflict → continuous dialogue sustains peace despite strained relations
Counter-view
understates power and security → neo-functionalism's regional focus narrows global Counter-view reach
Conclusion routes
| Rk! insight holds: shared needs met together → order from habit, not fear k2 Conclusion routes peace grown through function, not imposed by design
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
