Peaceful co-existence remains the cornerstone of India’s foreign policy. Comment.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Route 1 core task of foreign policy = security + territorial integrity + peaceful environment → India pursues it by reconciliation, not revenge
Route 2 Appadorai’s pacifism as deliberate method → taproot in Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam + Buddhism + Gandhian non-violence
Panchsheel (1954) → Five Principles → basis for non-alignment + concrete form of UN Charter → principle still guides conduct → China (Himalayas / Indian Ocean → amicable resolution) → Pakistan (UN + democratic means on cross-border terror) → Ukraine crisis (co-existence + strategic autonomy) → constructive role → rival blocs together + pandemic global good
co-existence now paired with a firmer, more risk-taking posture
Route 1 continuity of principle alongside pragmatic adaptation
Route 2 cornerstone holds; practice turns more assertive
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
Also asked on this head
Indian Foreign Policy — 10 questions in the Vault.
- Critically analyze the different phases of India’s foreign policy since independence. How justified, do you think, is S. Jaishankar’s classification of the current phase as the...
- Would you concur with the view that of late, India’s foreign policy has been in a transition mode from Nehruvianism to Neoliberalism? Support your answer with...
- Explain the major features of India’s Foreign Policy in the 2ist century.
How this is taught
The same flow snapshot, built for every head of the syllabus, with the answer written in class.
The first session of Foundation 2027 is published in full.
Six programmes across three levels.