PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · Indian Foreign Policy: Determinants & Institutions
Would you concur with the view that of late, India’s foreign policy has been in a transition mode from Nehruvianism to Neoliberalism? Support your answer with the help of suitable examples.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
Intre reutes R1 partial concurrence staked → Nehruvian pole (Sikri: sovereignty + autonomy + peace/disarmament) vs neoliberal pole (openness, interests) → autonomy qualifies the shift R2 1991 asthe watershed → idealism giving way to economic pragmatism → but aclean “from-to” overstates it → concur with reservation
Body flow
1991 liberalisation as hinge → Raja Mohan + Pant (economic /strategic interests in a multipolar world) → economic diplomacy: WTO / FTAs / Act East (ASEAN, Japan) → 2008 nuclear deal as symbol of the move → LEMOA / Rafale / Quad → Kanti Bajpai (neoliberal position predominates)
Counter-view
notaclean break → S-400 despite US unease → South-South cooperation + egalitarian climate/trade stands → Saran (autonomy the guiding principle, only means changed) → Tellis (flexible partnerships, no rigid ideology)
Conclusion routes
Conclusion reutes R1 concur: moving to a neoliberal outlook, but realist national interest sets the pace – evolution, not rupture R2 transition in method, autonomy the constant → nota prisoner to any single stream of thought
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
