PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Party System & Electoral Politics
State subvention/funding may be an effective instrument in strengthening electoral democracy in India.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
=—-X!,-—«X Money power central to Indian elections → EC unable to fully check spending → state funding proposed as remedy R2 fair elections need clean finance → state subvention as the instrument → effective only if partial + conditional
Body flow
what it corrects → cuts corporate dependence + black money → levels field for smaller parties + clean candidates → Indrajit Gupta Committee (1998) endorsed in principle → Law Commission + Second ARC carry finance reform forward
Counter-view
not automatic → may fund non-serious / fake parties → hard to monitor → private spending persists → exchequer burden
Conclusion routes
_—-®!'-'- effective only as partial, conditional, audited funding → works within a reform package, not alone R2 strengthens democracy when tied to transparency, spending caps, internal party democracy + firm EC oversight
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
