10 PM Daily Current Affairs Quiz | July 6 2021

About Debt Recovery Tribunals(DRT):

• Debt Recovery Tribunals have been established following the passing of the Recovery of Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act (RDDBFI),1993.
• The primary goal and function of DRT is the recovery of loaned money from borrowers which is owed to banks and financial institutions from customers.
• This Tribunal is also the second court of appeal in respect of cases filed under The Securitisation and  Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest(SARFAESI) Act,2002.

Jurisdiction:

• An application for recovery of debt can be made to the DRTs for all debts valued at more than 20 lakhs.For lesser amounts,the banks and financial institutions can approach Civil Courts.
• No court in the country other than the Supreme Court(SC) and the High Court(HC) and that too only under articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution have jurisdiction against a judgment of DRAT.

Source: Livemint

About Heart of Asia-Istanbul Process:

• Heart of Asia Istanbul Process is a regional initiative of Afghanistan and the Republic of Turkey. It was launched in November 2011 in Istanbul, Turkey.
• The process aims to promote economic and political cooperation for Afghanistan peace through dialogue and confidence-building measures (CBMs).
• Composition: The platform comprises 15 participating countries, 17 supporting countries, and 12 supporting regional and international organizations.
• India is one of the participating countries and India co-hosted the 6th Heart of Asia Ministerial Conference in Amritsar, Punjab in 2016.

• Other participating countries are Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Uzbekistan, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates

Source: The Indian Express

Authorities in Bihar’s Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) have started planning for conservation of vultures after 150 of the birds were sighted recently in the protected area.

• Different species of vultures including Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), White-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis) and Himalayan griffon (Gyps himalayensis) were among the 150 individuals spotted in the reserve.

Source: Down To Earth

A quantum computer employs the principles of quantum mechanics to store information in ‘qubits’ instead of the typical ‘bits’ of 1 and 0.

Qubits work faster because of the way such circuits are designed, and their assurance is that they can do intensive number-crunching tasks much more efficiently than the fastest comparable computers.

Potential applications include:

• Machine Learning
• Computational Chemistry
• Financial Portfolio Optimisation
• Logistics and Scheduling
• Drug Design

• Cyber Security

Read more: Potential applications of Quantum Computing

Source: Livemint

• Statement 1 is correct: As per draft rules every direct selling entity carrying out business in India will have to be registered with the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) and must have at least one office in India.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Money circulation schemes are banned under the Prize chits and money circulation schemes (banning) act 1978 and the respective State Governments have the power to take action against the persons involved in such schemes.

Source: Article

Both statements are correct

• NBWL is a statutory body constituted under the Wildlife Protection Act,1972.
• Chairman: Prime minister.
• Vice-Chairperson: Minister of Environment, Forests & Climate Change.

• Functions: Its role is advisory in nature and advises the Central Government on framing policies and measures for the conservation of wildlife in the country.
• The board has the power to review all wildlife-related matters and approve projects in and around national parks and sanctuaries.
• No alteration of boundaries in national parks and wildlife sanctuaries can be done without the approval of the NBWL.

Source: Article

Recently, the UAE’s Hope spacecraft has captured images of glowing atmospheric lights in the Mars night sky, known as discrete auroras.

• Unlike auroras on Earth, which are seen only near the north and south poles, Discrete Auroras (DA) on Mars are seen all around the planet at night time.

• An Aurora is a display of light in the sky predominantly seen in the high latitude regions (Arctic and Antarctic). It is also known as a Polar light.

• These Auroras are traced out where energetic particles excite the atmosphere after being funneled down by a patchy network of crustal magnetic fields that originate from minerals on the surface of Mars.

Source: Indian Express

All are sources of methane emissions 

• Methane is emitted from a variety of anthropogenic (human-influenced) and natural sources. Anthropogenic emission sources include landfills, oil and natural gas systems, agricultural activities, coal mining, stationary and mobile combustion, wastewater treatment, and certain industrial processes.  
• Stomachs of cattle, fermentation in rice fields, fracking for natural gas, coal mines, festering bogs, burning forests — they all produce methane. 

Source: Article 

Both statements are correct 

The revised BharatNet Project will be implemented through Public-Private Partnership(PPP) model with a total cost of ₹29,430 crores. Of this, the Government will provide the viability gap fund of ₹19,041 crores. 

• Viability Gap Fund means a grant to support projects that are economically justified but not financially viable. 

Aim: The project which initially aims to connect all the gram panchayats of the country through optic fiber for providing broadband services; it will now have two new components: 

• The first will be that BharatNet will now extend up to all inhabited villages beyond the gram panchayats (GPs) in the 16 states. 
• Second, the project will also now include the creation, upgradation, operation, maintenance, and utilization of BharatNet by the private sector partner who will be selected by a competitive international bidding process. 

Coverage: The 16 States covered under the project are: Kerala, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Nagaland, and Arunachal Pradesh. 

Source: Article 

• The Supreme Court (SC) delivered a historic judgment on 5th July 2011 in Nandini Sundar and others versus the State of Chhattisgarh case. 
• The judgment was aimed to curb the misuse of power by the government and protect tribal rights. 

About the Judgment: 

• The court banned Salwa Judum. It was a vigilante movement started in 2005 and sponsored by the Chhattisgarh and Central government. The movement ostensibly aimed to fight against the Maoists. 

• The judges also ruled that the use of surrendered Maoists and untrained villagers in frontline counter-insurgency operations as Special Police Officers (SPOs) was unconstitutional.  
• It directed that the existing SPOs be redeployed in traffic management or other such safe duties.  
• Other matters like prosecution of security forces for human rights violations, and rehabilitation of villagers who had suffered violence, were left pending. The State had been asked to submit comprehensive plans for this. 

Source: Article