Explanation – Woody encroachment refers to the gradual increase in the density and cover of woody plants, such as trees and shrubs, in ecosystems that are typically dominated by grasses and herbaceous plants. This phenomenon is particularly prevalent in grasslands, savannas, and shrublands and can lead to significant ecological changes. Higher CO2 levels due to climate change are causing more trees to grow in grasslands, which disrupts the balance of these ecosystems. This phenomenon, known as woody encroachment, is influenced by various factors in different parts of the world, such as fire suppression, land fragmentation, and changes in rainfall.

Source: The Hindu