PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Indian Constitution

Comment on the Right to constitutional remedies in India

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 Article 32 = direct SC access for FR enforcement Ambedkar “soul / heart” remedy itself made a Fundamental Right

Route 2 rights on paper vs enforceable rights Article 32 converts declarations into claims

Body flow

writs as the operative strength (Habeas Corpus Mandamus Prohibition Certiorari Quo Warranto) Article 226 wider High Court power Bhagwati / PIL relaxes locus standi access widens Rohit De “people’s court”

Counter-view

delay, cost, restricted access weaken the remedy in practice Baxi: narrowing access cuts its real value

Conclusion routes

Route 1 enforceability is what makes Part III real Article 32 the operative core

Route 2 a remedy is only as strong as access to it guard access to keep rights real

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2020, Indian Constitution