PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Indian Constitution

The Preamble of the Indian Constitution reflects itself as a ‘social contract’. Elucidate.

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 “We, the People” → Constitution an act of the people, not imposed → popular sovereignty

Route 2 Preamble as a constitutional covenant → citizens constitute authority, state promises the four ideals

Body flow

adopted / enacted / given to themselves → covenant: citizens create authority + accept democratic rule → state secures justice–liberty–equality–fraternity → people retain sovereignty → social-contract frame: Hobbes (order) → Locke (rights, limited govt) → Rousseau (general will) → Rawls (justice as fairness) → Indian traditions (Manu / Kautilya / Buddhist: obligation, public order)

Counter-view

not a purely Western import; Indian traditions widen the idea → and the contract here is constitutional + democratic + welfare-oriented, not a Hobbesian surrender of liberty

Conclusion routes

Route 1 Preamble not passive → it fixes legitimacy, purpose and limits of government

Route 2 covenant binding citizens and state → a constitutional, democratic, welfare-oriented social contract

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2022, Indian Constitution