PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · Globalisation
Critically examine the impact of the process of globalization from the perspective of the countries of the global south.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 globalisation splits the South → globalists: ladder out of poverty vs dependency school: fresh channel of exploitation R1 globalisation a contested promise → whether it lifts or exploits the South turns on its terms
Body flow
optimist case not empty → Bhagwati: growth trickles down, inter-nation inequality narrows → China 36% (1990) → 6% (2011), Vietnam to middle- income
Counter-view
aggregate still skewed → North = 23% of people, 85% of income → Frank & Wallerstein: drain periphery → core, Southern elites captured by MNCs → Nkrumah: neo-liberal openness → neo-colonialism, WTO shifts wealth South → North → Roy: “mutant variety of colonialism"
Conclusion routes
R1 harm lies in the terms, not globalisation itself → Stiglitz's democratic- deficit reform + Sen's infrastructure/governance → opportunity becomes real gain R1 on present terms globalisation deepens dependency → need is the right balance of openness and regulation
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
