PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · Globalisation
Discuss the impact of globalization on the internal functioning of the state.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
G@ globalisation multidimensional (economic/political /social/cultural) → question is not "does it end the state" but "how far does it loosen the state's grip" → realists: erosion of sovereignty // liberals: capacity-building political globalisation erodes sovereignty despite the Westphalian principle → nation-state's weight falls, other actors rise → domestic control becomes the real pressure point
Body flow
economic pressure first (Nye → MNCs press governments, control over currency & foreign trade weakened) → authority sideways to society (Simmons → NGOs set agendas, confer legitimacy on policy) → power upward (Rodrik → post-sovereign, transnational governance fills regulatory voids)
Counter-view
not pure loss → same openness brings integration, technology transfer, better governance & rule of law — state gains capacity even while ceding autonomy (liberal read against the erosion thesis)
Conclusion routes
R1 transforms, does not abolish → decisions move upward (international bodies) + sideways (markets, civil society) → policy & welfare space shrinks, worst in developing countries double-edged: state neither fully sovereign as before nor obsolete → it survives by adapting → developing states most squeezed
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
