PYQ Vault · Paper 2 · India & the Global Centres of Power — Part 2

Do you agree that the growing assertiveness of China is leading to multilayered Indo-Japan relations? Comment.

How the answer moves

The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.

Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes

Route 1 ties predate China’s rise → 1952 treaty, yen loans 1958, CEPA, high-speed rail → assertiveness changed pace and range, not origin

Route 2 “multilayered” must be shown, not asserted → layers exist → but unequal in strength

Body flow

same pressure on both: Senkakus + LAC + nine-dash line rejected 2016 → Panda: Asia uneasy, Beijing reads friendship as ganging up → layered response: 2+2, Malabar, Quad, Act East Forum–FOIP → 2025 security declaration replaces 2008 → UNICORN co-development 2026 → coercion adds newest layer: Takaichi in Diet, Nov 2025 → travel advisory + seafood ban → July 2026 economic-security declaration: semiconductors, critical minerals, clean energy → no dependence on one country

Counter-view

depth lags breadth → Jain: economic ties the weak link, 10 trillion yen slow → Menon: strategic autonomy caps Tokyo’s balancing hopes → India still engages Beijing while Japan’s China ties worsen

Conclusion routes

Route 1 assertiveness explains breadth better than depth

Route 2 the layers are real but uneven → agreement with the question, not endorsement of its implied depth

Model answer

Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.

Handwritten model answer — UPSC PSIR 2013, India & the Global Centres of Power — Part 2