PYQ Vault · Paper 1 · Indian Federalism
Do you think that there has been a gradual shift in the basis on which the demands for the creation of new States have been raised in different regions of India? Explain.
How the answer moves
The flow snapshot — the routes in, the body, the counter-view and the routes out.
Flow snapshot — how the answer moves
Intro routes
R1 no single basis → ground steadily shifted → Tillin's four phases R2 statehood demands not static → basis evolves region to region → frame the answer as a phased shift
Body flow
Phase 1 (1950s-60s) language / SRA 1956 / Guha “master stroke" preventing balkanisation → Phase 2 (1970s-80s) ethnicity & tribal identity / North- East, Gorkhaland, Bodoland → Phase 3 (1990s) political economy / Kohli / liberalisation & resource control / Chhattisgarh → Phase 4 (this century) development, governance, neglect / Telangana, Vidarbha, Bundelkhand, Purvanchal / Yadav → marginalised assertion for power & development
Counter-view
shift not clean → Jaffrelot: political timing & ruling-party calculation decide actual creation → Mahendra Prasad Singh: smaller States automatic better governance
Conclusion routes
rR! basis moved from language/identity → development /viability R2 shift is real but cumulative → older claims persist alongside the new
Model answer
Handwritten, in the form it would be written in the examination hall.
